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Renal & Urinary System; Nephrology; Kidney

Calculation of Creatinine Clearance Using A Timed Urine Specimen
Creatinine Clearance Standardized for Body Surface Area (BSA)
Creatinine Clearance and the Degree of Renal Impairment
Creatinine Clearance Standardized for Lean Body Mass (LBM) Assuming Stable Renal Function
Indications for Measuring Creatinine Clearance in a Patient with Chronic Renal Disease
Expected Daily Urine Creatinine Excretion in Children and the Creatinine Height Index of Viteri and Alvarado
Causes of a Low Serum Creatinine
Rapid Estimation of Creatinine Clearance from Serum Creatinine
Method of Edwards and Whyte (1959) for Estimating Creatinine Clearance
Method of Jelliffe (1971) for Estimating Creatinine Clearance
Method of Siersbach-Nielsen (1971) and Mawer (1972) for Estimating Creatinine Clearance
Method of Jelliffe (1973) for Estimating Creatinine Clearance
Method of Cockcroft and Gault (1976) for Estimating Creatinine Clearance
Estimation of Creatinine Clearance from Serum Creatinine in Children (Methods of Counahan, Dechaux, Rowland, Schwartz and Shull)
Jelliffe's Method for Estimation of Creatinine Clearance with Unstable Serum Creatinine Levels
Estimating Creatinine Clearance in Patients with Acute Renal Insufficiency
The Abbreviated MDRD Study Equation for Estimating GFR from Serum Creatinine
MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) Study Equation of Levey et al for the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Equations of Salazar and Corcoran for Predicting Creatinine Clearance in Obese Patients
Equation of Rule et al for Estimating GFR from Serum Creatinine (Mayo eGFR)
Formula of Morris et al for Estimating GFR from Height and Serum Creatinine in Pediatric Patients
Equation of Rule et al for Estimating the GFR for a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease from Serum Creatinine, Age and Gender
Composite Estimate of Rule et al for the GFR of a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease
Equations of Toto et al for Estimating GFR from Serum Creatinine in African-American Adults Enrolled in the AASK Study
Equations of Gates for Estimating GFR from Serum Creatinine
Equations of Walser for Estimating GFR from Serum Creatinine in a Patient with Advanced Chronic Renal Failure
Equations of Hull et al for Estimating Creatinine Clearance from Serum Creatinine
CKD-EPI Formula of Levey et al for Predicting Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) from Serum Creatinine
Equation of Schwartz et al for Estimating GFR in a Pediatric Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease Based on Data from the CKiD Cohort
Equations of Nankivell et al for Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in a Patient After Simultaneous Transplantation of Pancreas and Kidney
NKF KDOQI System for Staging Chronic Kidney Disease Based on Estimated GFR and Level of Proteinuria
Method of Tonelli et al for Stratifying the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease Based on Estimated GFR and Level of Proteinuria
Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Using Serum Cystatin C (Equations of Randers et al, Orlando et al, and Coll et al)
Equations of Grubb et al for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) from Serum Cystatin C
Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Beta-Trace Protein (BTP) Concentrations
Equations of White et al for Estimating GFR Using Beta-Trace Protein (BTP)
Formula of Hoek et al for Estimating GFR from Serum Cystatin C
Formula of Ling et al for Estimating GFR from Serum Cystatin C in a Patient After Liver Transplantation
Formula of Filler and Lepage for Estimating GFR from Serum Cystatin C in a Pediatric Patient
Equation of Rule et al for Estimating the GFR for a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease from Serum Cystatin C
Correlation of Serum Cystatin C Concentration, Glomerular Filtration Rate and Stage of Chronic Kidney Disease
Recommendations of Herget-Rosenthal et al for Which Method to Use to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in a Patient with Renal Disease
Equations of Wilkins for the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in Very Low Birthweight Infants
Calculating the Urea Clearance Using Serum and 24 Hour Urine Urea Concentrations
Equations of Levey et al from the MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) Study for Calculating the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) from Urea and Creatinine Clearances
Method of Lubowitz et al for Estimating the Inulin Clearance Rate (Glomerular Filtration Rate) from the Average of the Creatinine and Urea Clearance
Fractional Excretion of Urea
Renal Failure Index (RFI)
Fractional Sodium Excretion
Conditions Associated with Cerebral Salt Wasting (CSW)
Tubular Reabsorption of Phosphate (TRP) and Its Fractional Excretion (FE)
Phosphorus Clearance
Renal Threshold for Phosphate
Nomogram of Walton and Bijvoet for Estimating a Patient's Renal Threshold Phosphate Concentration
Clinical Features of Acute Phosphate Nephropathy
Risk Factors for Phosphate Nephropathy
Correction of Urine Specific Gravity Measured By Refractometer For Temperature
Correction of Urine Specific Gravity Measured By Refractometer For Protein
Correction of Urine Specific Gravity Measured By Refractometer For Glucose
Estimation of Urine Solutes from the Urine Specific Gravity
Equation of Carrieri et al for Correlating Urine Specific Gravity with Urine Creatinine Concentration
Amylase Clearance -to- Creatinine Clearance
Urinary Calcium
Ratio of Renal Calcium Clearance to Creatinine Clearance (Fractional Excretion of Calcium)
Urine Protein-to-Urine Creatinine Ratio
Urine Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio
Orthostatic (Postural) Proteinuria
Exertional Proteinuria
Albumin Excretion Rate (AER)
Serum BUN-to-Serum Creatinine Ratio
Urine Creatinine-to-Serum Creatinine Ratio
Urine Urea Nitrogen-to-Serum Urea Nitrogen Ratio
Serum Uric Acid-to-Creatinine Ratio
Fractional Excretion of Uric Acid (FEUA)
Conditions Associated with Decreased Urinary Urate Excretion
Urine-to-Plasma and Urine-to-Serum Osmolality Ratios
Urinary Potassium Excretion Rate
Fractional Excretion of Potassium
Transtubular Potassium Gradient (TTKG)
Urine Anion Gap and Osmolal Gap
Microalbuminuria in Diabetes Measured on a 24 Hour Urine Specimen
Microalbuminuria Measured on a Spot Urine Specimen
Risk Factors for Progressive Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Conditions Associated with Transient (False Positive) Microalbuminuria
Stages of Diabetic Nephropathy
Management Strategy of Gross et al for a Patient with Diabetic Nephropathy
When to Refer a Diabetic Patient with Renal Disease to a Nephrologist
Kimmelstiel-Wilson Syndrome
Fractional Bicarbonate Excretion
Titratable Acidity of the Urine
Urine to Blood pCO2 Gradient (U-B pCO2)
Osmolal and Water Clearance
Laboratory Testing to Distinguish Prerenal Azotemia from Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)
Prognostic Index for Predicting the Probability of Surviving Postoperative Acute Renal Failure
Risk Factors for Acute Renal Failure Following Thoracic or Thoracoabdominal Aortic Surgery
Discriminant Analysis of Rasmussen et al for Predicting Outcome in Acute Renal Failure
Mortality Model of Groeneveld et al for Acute Renal Failure in the Medical Intensive Care Unit
Prognostic Factors of Blade et al for a Patient with Renal Failure Occurring as a Complication of Multiple Myeloma
Acute Tubular Necrosis Individual Severity Index (ATN-ISI) for Predicting Mortality in a Patient with Acute Tubular Necrosis
The Q Statistic of Bullock et al for Predicting Mortality in Patients with Acute Renal Failure
Outcome Prediction in a Hospitalized Patient with Acute Renal Failure Using the Equations of Corwin et al
Endstage Renal Disease Severity Index (ESRD-SI)
Austin and Repatriation Medical Center Indications for Initiating Dialysis of a Patient in the Intensive Care Unit
Score of Thakar et al for Predicting Acute Renal Failure After Cardiac Surgery
Risk Score of Forman et al for Worsening Renal Function (WRF) in a Patient Hospitalized with Heart Failure (HF)
Risk Factors of Ojo et al for Chronic Renal Failure in a Patient with a Nonrenal Organ Transplant
Criteria of the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) for the Diagnosis and Staging of Chronic Kidney Disease
Risk Factors from the BEST Kidney Investigators for Mortality in a Critically Ill Patient with Acute Renal Failure
Causes for an Acute Decline in Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in a Patient with Chronic Renal Failure (CRF)
Risk Factors of Bagshaw et al for 1 Year Mortality for a Patient in the Intensive Care Unit with Acute Renal Failure
RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, End-Stage) Classification for Kidney Injury
Nomogram of Sorbellini et al for Predicting Renal Insufficiency After Partial or Total Nephrectomy
Discriminant Score of Liano et al for Predicting the Prognosis for a Patient with Acute Tubular Necrosis
Stuivenberg Hospital Acute Renal Failure (SHARF) Scores of Lins et al
Risk Score of Fortescue et al for Predicting Acute Renal Failure After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Using the VA CICSP
Classification Tree of Fortescue et al for Predicting Acute Renal Failure After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Using the VA CICSP
Model of Mehta et al for Mortality in a Patient in the Intensive Care Unit with Acute Renal Failure
Risk Factors of El-Shahawy et al for Mortality in Adults with Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)
Risk Factors of de Mendonca et al for a Patient in the Intensive Care Unit Developing Acute Renal Failure
Screening For Occult Renal Disease (SCORED) Score of Bang et al for Identifying a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease
Model of Chertow et al for Predicting Acute Renal Failure Following Cardiac Surgery Based on Preoperative Risk Factors
Risk Factors for Acute Renal Failure in a Patient with Tetanus
Risk Factors of Franceschini et al for Acute Renal Failure (ARF) in an Ambulatory Patient Infected with HIV
Simplified Categorical Model of Kshirsagar et al for Identifying an Adult at Risk for Chronic Kidney Disease
Hypothyroidism-Associated Acute Renal Failure
Risk Factors of Li et al for Acute Renal Failure in a Patient with Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Predictors of Chertow et al for Mortality in a Critically-Ill Patient with Acute Tubular Necrosis
Criteria of Dimopoulos et al for Reporting the Response to Therapy in a Patient with Renal Dysfunction Related to Myeloma
Triple Marker Approach of Peralta et al for Evaluating a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease
Criteria of Barri et al for Acute Kidney Injury Following Liver Transplantation
Risk Factors of Bagur et al for Acute Kidney Injury Following Aortic Valve Replacement
Rapid Decline in Renal Function
Modified RIFLE Criteria of Akcan-Arikan et al for a Critically-Ill Pediatric Patient
Fractional Excretion of Urea and Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in a Patient in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Estimates of Kt/V
Hemodialyzer Instrinsic Clearance for Urea (K0A) and Estimation of in Vivo Urea Clearance (K)
Calculating the Blood Water Urea Clearance During Hemodialysis
Residual Renal Urea Clearance (Kru)
Total Urea Clearance (KT, or Corrected Kt/V)
Calculating Clearances with Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis
Calculating Hemodialysis Treatment Time
Calculating Urea Generation and Protein Catabolic Rate
Clinical and Laboratory Findings Suggestive of Inadequate Dialysis
Contraindications for Peritoneal Dialysis
Indications of Cochran et al for CT Peritoneography in a Patient Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis
Risk Factors of Wu et al for Early Redialysis After Weaning a Postoperative Patient from Acute Renal Replacement Therapy
Risk Factors for Intradialytic Hypotension in a Diabetic in Renal Failure
Hard Water Syndrome in Home Dialysis
Vascular Steal Syndrome Associated with an Arteriovenous Shunt for Hemodialysis
Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome (DDS)
Risk Factors for the Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome
Prognostic Index of Cantarovich et al for Patients with Acute Renal Failure Requiring Dialysis
Clinical Survival Index of Lohr et al for Patients with Acute Renal Failure Needing Dialysis
Discriminant Function of Foley et al for Prediction of Early Death in Patients Starting Maintenance Dialysis
Prognostic Score of Barrett et al for Prediction of Early Death in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Starting Dialysis
Prognostic Factors of Lange et al for a Patient Requiring Dialysis for Acute Renal Failure Following Open Heart Surgery
Prediction of Survival in a Patient in Acute Renal Failure Requiring Hemodialysis Using the Equation of Lien and Chan
Predictors of De Lima et al for Early versus Extended Survival in Patients Requiring Dialysis
Predictive Factors of Ifudu et al for Mortality in Patients Requiring Maintenance Hemodialysis
Risk Groups of Wright for Mortality in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Requiring Dialysis
Risk Model of Paganini et al for Mortality in an ICU Patient with Acute Renal Failure Requiring Dialysis
Models of Schaefer et al for Predicting Outcome of a Patient with Acute Renal Failure in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
The MIA (Malnutrition, Inflammation, Atherosclerosis) Syndrome and Mortality in a Dialysis Patient
Use of the Ratio in APACHE II Scores to Predict Mortality in a Patient with Acute Renal Failure in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit
Comorbid Conditions of Hirsch et al Making Chronic Dialysis Futile
Risk Groups of Khan et al for Patients Undergoing Renal Replacement Therapy Based on Comorbid Factors
Predictors of Davies et al for Survival of a Patient Undergoing Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
Model of Heise et al for Predicting Restoration of Adequate Renal Function During CRRT-Free Intervals
Risk Factors of Chow et al for Sudden Death in a Peritoneal Dialysis Patient
Fast Peritoneal Equilibration Test
Urogenital Distress Inventory for Women
Leakage Index for Women with Urinary Stress Incontinence
Severity Index of Sandvik et al for Urinary Incontinence in Women
Cystometric Index of Eastwood and Warrell in Women with Detrusor Instability
One Hour Pad Weighing Test of the International Continence Society for Female Urinary Incontinence
Criteria of Cooper for Giggle Micturition
Risk Factors of Jackson et al for Urinary Incontinence in Postmenopausal Women
Vaginal Reflux in Young Girls
Scale of Al-Buheissi et al for Measuring Urinary Urgency and Incontinence
Discriminant Score of Gabow et al for Predicting the Risk for Developing Acute Renal Failure in Patients with Rhabdomyolysis
Acute Renal Failure in Alcohol and/or Drug Abuse Secondary to Rhabdomyolysis
A Clinical Rule for the Identifying Patients with Renal Artery Stenosis
Clinical Rule of Krijnen et al for Predicting the Probability of Renal Artery Stenosis
Factors of Rosner for Identifying Patients at Risk for Renal Artery Stenosis and Renovascular Hypertension
Risk Factors of Bloch and Basile Suggesting a Poor Outcome for Vascular Interventions in a Patient with Renal Artery Stenosis
Findings Suggesting the Presence of Renovascular Hypertension in a Pediatric Patient
Indications of McLaughlin et al for Revascularization in a Patient with Renal Artery Stenosis
Doppler Ultrasonography for Predicting the Outcome of Revascularization in a Patient with Renal Arterial Stenosis
Factors of Vignali et al Affecting In-Stent Restenosis of a Stented Renal Artery
International Study Classification for Vesicoureteral Reflux
Algorithm of Tsai et al for Using Ultrasonographic Screening to Detect Vesicoureteral Reflux in Neonates
Factors of Belman Influencing the Severity of Complications in Vesicoureteral Reflux
Equation of Oostenbrink et al for Predicting Vesicoureteral Reflux in a Child with a Urinary Tract Infection
Renal Findings on CT Imaging in Analgesic Nephropathy
Risk Factors for Renal Failure Associated with NSAID Use
Risk Factors for Vancomycin-Associated Nephrotoxicity
Risk Factors for Acute Renal Failure Associated with Drug Crystals
Clinical Features of Indinavir Nephropathy
Heroin Nephropathy
Risk Factors for Atazanavir Urolithiasis in an HIV-Positive Patient
Fanconi Syndrome Associated with Tenofovir Therapy in an HIV-Positive Patient
Clinical Features of Sulfadiazine Nephropathy
Risk Factors for Nephrotoxicity Associated with Intravenous Bisphosphonate Therapy
Renal Failure Associated with Cocaine Abuse
Factors of Lodise et al for Identifying a Hospitalized Patient at Risk for Vancomycin-Induced Nephrotoxicity
Discriminant Scores of Moore et al for Predicting Aminoglycoside Nephrotoxicity
Risk Factors of Sun et al for Acute Renal Insufficiency Associated with Diuretic Therapy for Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Daily Dose and Other Risk Factors of Lodise et al for Vancomycin-Associated Nephrotoxicity
Acyclovir-Induced Acute Renal Failure
The University of Wisconsin Interstitial Cystitis Scale (UW-IC)
The NIDDK/NIADDK Definition of Interstitial Cystitis for Clinical Trials
Interstitial Cystitis Symptom and Problem Indices
Clinical Features of Eosinophilic Cystitis
Criteria of Larsen et al for the Bladder Pain Syndrome (BPS)
Urinary Bladder Volume By Ultrasonography
Relative Renal Length (Kidney Length to Body Height Ratio)
Renal and Central Echogenic Volumes Using an Ellipsoidal Formula
Renal Arterial Resistance Index (Resistive Index)
Estimating the Area of Renal Arterial Stenosis Using Doppler Color Flow Imaging
Formula of Akhavan et al for Renal Length in Children
Classification of Renal Amyloidosis Based on Histologic Glomerular Involvement
Renal Amyloid Prognostic Score (RAPS) of Sen and Sarsik
Myeloma Cast Nephropathy
Light Chain-Associated Fanconi Syndrome
Crystalloid Nephropathy in Multiple Myeloma
Renal Pathology Scoring System of Esdaile et al for Lupus Nephritis
Prognostic Factors of Goulet et al for Patients with Lupus Nephritis
Prognostic Factors of Yang et al for a Child with Lupus Nephritis
Histologic Features of Active Glomerular Lesions in Lupus Nephritis
The WHO Morphologic Classification of Lupus Nephritis
Classification of the International Society of Nephrology (ISN) and Renal Pathology Society (RPS) for Lupus Nephritis
Prognostic Factors of Faurschou et al for a Patient with Lupus Nephritis
Renal Histologic Score of Donadio et al for IgA Nephropathy
Survival Prediction Model of Alamartine et al for Patients with Mesangial IgA Glomerulonephritis
Risk Factors of Bonnet et al Associated with Progression in Primary IgA Nephritis to Chronic Renal Failure
Risk Factors of D'Amico et al for Progression to Renal Failure in Idiopathic IgA Mesangial Nephropathy
Risk Factors of Sano et al for Significant Renal Involvement in Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
Predictors of Coppo et al for Outcome in a Patient with Henoch-Schonlein Nephritis
Classification of Emancipator for IgA Nephropathy and Henoch Schonlein Nephritis
Histologic Score of Suzuki and Joh for IgA Nephropathy
Algorithm of Gregory and Schwartz for the Diagnosis of Renal Tubular Acidosis
Features of Renal Fanconi Syndrome (Lignac-de Toni-Debre-Fanconi Syndrome)
Causes of the Renal Fanconi Syndrome
Nomogram of Blaivas and Groutz for Determining Bladder Outlet Obstruction in Women
Targets of Block for Serum Phosphorus and the Calcium*Phosphorus Product in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure
Workup of a Patient with Lipiduria
Evaluation of the Patient With a Positive Dipstick Test for Hemoglobin but Without Red Cells in the Urine Sediment
Indications for Urine Microscopic Examination During Urinalysis
Calculating the Number of Microscopic Formed Elements per mL of Urine
Eosinophiluria
Causes of False Positive Proteinuria
Causes of a False Negative Proteinuria
Abnormal Odor to Urine or Other Body Fluid
Hemosiderinuria
Melanogenuria (Urinary Excretion of Melanin)
Causes of Dark Brown or Black Urine
Types of Reducing Substances in the Urine
Clinitest (Copper Sulfate) for Detection of Reducing Substances in the Urine
Mucusuria
Factors Affecting Urinary Nitrite Levels
Causes of Yellow or Green Colored Urine
Causes of a Blue or Purple Colored Urine
Causes of a Orange Colored Urine
Causes of a Pink or Reddish Colored Urine
Renal Threshold for Glucose and Intravenous Glucose Infusions
Active Urine Sediment
Acute Kidney Injury Cast Scoring Index (AKI CSI) of Chawla et al
Urine Changes Associated with Radiographic Contrast Media
Maltese and Pseudo-Maltese Crosses
Brick Dust Urine
Criteria of Okada et al for the Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of the Nutcracker Syndrome
Management of Massive Bladder Hemorrhage
Criteria for Hematuria Arising at the Glomerulus
Clinical Features of Acute Nephritis (Nephritic Syndrome)
Clinical Features of an Arterioureteral Fistula (Ureteroarterial Fistula)
Classification of Rastinehad et al for the Clinical Severity of Hematuria
Urocrit
Causes of Prostatic Hematuria
Deciding on Inpatient versus Outpatient Management of Acute Renal Colic
Urinary Citrate Ratios (Citrate-to-Creatinine, Citrate-to-Calcium) and the CMC Index (Citrate*Magnesium-to-Calcium) in Patients with Urolithiasis
Risk Factors of Harper et al for Renal Stone Formation in Renal Transplant Patients
Estimating the Ion-Activity Product for Calcium Oxalate in Urine Using the AP (CaOx) Index
The Bonn Risk Index (BRI) of Laube et al for Estimating the Risk of Calcium Oxalate Crystallization in Urine
Causes of Hyperoxaluria
Reducing the Risk of Oxalate Nephrolithiasis in a Patient with Short Bowel Syndrome
Age-Dependent Curves of Matos et al to Identify Increased Urinary Oxalate to Creatinine and Urate to Creatinine Ratios in Pediatric Patients
Clinical Features of Stones Associated with a Urinary Tract Infection (Infection Stones)
Clinical Features of Cystinuria with Cystine Nephrolithiasis
Urinary Tract Calculus Associated with a Surgical Staple
Clinical Features of Uric Acid Nephrolithiasis
Therapy of a Patient with Uric Acid Nephrolithiasis
Clinical Features of Xanthine Nephrolithiasis
Indications for Intervention in a Patient with a Ureteral or Renal Calculus
Model of Miller and Kane for Predicting the Number of Days to Stone Passage in a Patient with Nephrolithiasis
Findings of Takahashi et al Seen on a Helical CT Scan That Predict Stone Passage
Risk Factors for Ammonium Urate Stones
Clinical and Laboratory Features of Struvite (Ammonium Magnesium Phosphate) Stones
Management of a Patient with an Obstructing Stone Causing Urosepsis
Indications for Ureteral Stenting During Uretoscopic Removal of a Kidney Stone
Indications for Percutaneous Antegrade Ureteroscopy to Remove a Ureteral Stone
Indications for Surgical Removal of Ureteral Stones
Complications Following Ureteral Stone Removal
Model of Kanao et al for Predicting Stone-Free Rate After Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy
Indications of Skolarikos et al for Percutanous Nephrolithotomy (PNL)
Nephrolithiasis Associated with Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) Deficiency
Resorlu-Unsal Stone Score (RUSS) for Predicting Outcome Following Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery
The Ultrasound Grading System of the Society for Fetal Urology (SFU)
Stages of Hydronephrosis and Hydroureter on an Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP)
Classification of Woodard for Disease Severity in the Prune Belly Syndrome
Recommendations for Patients with Chyluria
The Criteria of the International Ascites Club for the Hepatorenal Syndrome
Types of the Hepatorenal Syndrome
Risk Factors for the Hepatorenal Syndrome in a Patient with Cirrhosis and Ascites
Differential Diagnosis of Renal Failure in a Patient with Cirrhosis
Differentiation of Cyclosporine Nephrotoxicity from Renal Allograft Rejection
Algorithm of Stroomsa et al for Transplanting a Horseshoe Kidney
Criteria for Marginal or Suboptimal Renal Allografts
Criteria for the Diagnosis of Chronic Allograft Nephropathy (CAN)
1991 Banff Histopathologic Criteria for Chronic Allograft Nephropathy
Nomogram of Irish et al for Predicting Delayed Graft Function After Adult Cadaveric Renal Transplantation
Scoring System of Chen et al for Acute Renal Allograft Rejection Treated by Radiation Therapy
Method of Kasiske et al for Predicting Late Renal Allograft Failure Using Estimated Creatinine Clearance and delta 1/Cr
Risk Factors of Perico et al for Delayed Renal Graft Function After Transplantation
The Cooperative Clinical Trial in Transplantation (CCTT) Criteria for Acute Renal Allograft Rejection
Histologic Score of Remuzzi et al for Evaluating a Donor Kidney Prior to Transplantation
Clinical Features of the Polyomavirus Type BK Nephropathy in a Renal Transplant Patient
Recipient Risk Score (RSS) of Baskin-Bey et al for the Allocation of Kidneys from Deceased Donors
Score of Nyberg et al for Evaluating the Adult Donor of a Cadaver Kidney Prior to Transplantation
The ABCD Tetrad of Findings in Transplant Glomerulopathy (TG)
Indications for Simultaneous Liver-Kidney (SLK) Transplantation
Risk Factors for Hypertension Following a Renal Transplant
Diagnostic Criteria for the Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Uveitis Syndrome
Screening Criteria of Goules et al for Renal Involvement in Primary Sjogren's Syndrome
Risk Factors of Wilkowski et al in a Patient with Idiopathic Glomerulonephritis and Renal Vasculitis
Factors of Pertovaara et al for Identifying a Patient with Primary Sjogren's Syndrome Who Is at Risk for Renal Involvement
Pneumaturia
Fecaluria
Nocturia Index
Possible Complications Associated with Percutaneous Needle Biopsy of a Kidney
Risk Factors and Contraindications for Performing a Percutaneous Needle Biopsy of the Kidney
Histologic Criteria of Howie et al for Extent of Chronic Renal Damage in a Renal Biopsy Specimen
Predictors of Ishikawa et al for Overt Bleeding After a Percutaneous Needle Biopsy of the Kidney
Indications for Performing a Percutaneous Needle Biopsy of the Kidney in a Patient with Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
Clinical Features of the Nephrotic Syndrome in the Adult
HIV-Associated Nephropathy (HIVAN)
Features Which Are Atypical for a Pediatric Patient with Minimal Change Disease
Prognostic Features in Patients with Minimal Change Disease
Risk Factors for Disease Progression in a Patient with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)
Diagnosis of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) Based on Patient Family History, Age and Number of Renal Cysts
Classification of Bosniak for Complicated (Complex) Cystic Lesions of the Kidney
Prognostic Factors Associated with a Poor Outcome for a Patient with Membranous Glomerulonephritis
Histologic Features of Walker et al for Dense Deposit Disease
Clinical and Pathologic Features of Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy
Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
Criteria of Gregory et al for the Diagnosis of Alport Syndrome
Criteria of Gearhart et al for Prenatal Diagnosis of Classic Bladder Exstrophy
Risk Factors for Renal Papillary Necrosis
Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Renal Papillary Necrosis
Criteria for the Diagnosis of the Cardiorenal Syndrome and the Score of Forman et al for Predicting Worsening Renal Function in a Patient Hospitalized with Heart Failure
Prognostic Significance of Acute Kidney Injury Following Acute Myocardial Infarction
Classification of the Cardiorenal Syndrome
Criteria of Stephan et al for Use of a Urinary Catheter in a Surgical Patient
Selecting a Urinary Catheter for a Male Patient
Situations of Apisarnthanarak et al When Placement of an Indwelling Urine Catheter is Inappropriate
Complications of an Indwelling Urinary Catheter
Indications for Suprapubic Drainage of the Urinary Bladder
Technique for Suprapubic Drainage of the Urinary Bladder
Complications Associated with Suprapubic Drainage of an Overly Distended Bladder
Decision Flow Diagram of Lamont et al for Suprapubic Catheterisation
Causes of Pain Associated with an Indwelling Urinary Catheter
Selecting the Size of Urinary Catheter for a Pediatric Patient
Risk Factors for Malacoplakia (Malakoplakia)
Diagnostic Features of Malacoplakia Involving the Urinary Bladder
Dysfunctional "Lazy" Bladder Syndrome (Underactive Bladder)
Hinman Syndrome (Nonneurogenic Neurogenic Bladder)
Clinical Features of Diabetic Cystopathy
Clinical Features of Spontaneous Rupture of the Urinary Bladder
Uretero-Enteric (Ureterocolic, Ureteroduodenal, Ureteroileal) Fistula
Ureterosalpingeal (Ureter-Fallopian Tube) Fistula
Ureterourterine Fistula
Method of Sheen et al for Distinguishing a Ureterouterine from a Vesicouterine Fistula
Ureterocutaneous Fistula
Multiple Urinary Tract Fistulas with the Watering Can Abdomen or the Watering Can Perineum
Formula of Palmer and Palmer for the Proper Length of a Double-J Ureteral Stent in a Child
Complications of Ureteral Stents
Risk Factors of Jeong et al for Failure of Retrograde Stent Insertion in a Patient with Malignant Ureteric Obstruction
Formula of Koff for Estimating the Capacity of the Urinary Bladder in Pediatric Patients
Formula of Houle et al for Estimating the Bladder Capacity Stored Below 20 cm Water (EV20) in Pediatric Patients
Risk Factors of Song et al Affecting Renal Function After Partial Nephrectomy
When to Measure Creatinine Clearance in a Trauma Patient with Normal Serum Creatinine
Types of Glomerulopathy Associated with Hodgkin's Disease
Factors of Vikse et al Predictive of Progression to End-Stage Renal Disease in a Patient with Benign Nephrosclerosis
Histologic Features of Benign Nephrosclerosis
Histologic Features of Malignant Hypertensive Nephropathy
Risk Factors for Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis
MYH9 Nephropathy As Cause of Hypertensive Nephrosclerosis
The Seven Sickle Cell Nephropathies of Davis et al
Indications from the NICE Guidelines for Referring an Adult with a Chronic Kidney Disease to a Nephrologist
Pathologic Features of Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis
Clinical and Laboratory Features of Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis
Factors Affecting Creatinine Clearance
Modified MDRD Equation of Imai et al for Estimating GFR of a Japanese Patient
Modified MDRD Equations of Ma et al for Estimating GFR of a Chinese Patient
Equations of Stevens et al for Estimating GFR from Serum Cystatin C with or without Serum Creatinine
Equation of Ma et al for Estimating GFR from Serum Cystatin C and Creatinine in a Chinese Population
Criteria of Reynes et al for Tubular and Glomerular Proteinuria on a Spot Urine
Tubular Proteinuria
Criteria of Norden et al for Tubular Proteinuria
Proteinuria Patterns of Boesken
Risk Factors of Reincke et al for Decreased Renal Function in a Patient with Primary Aldosteronism
Criteria of the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) for Staging Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Prognostic Factors of Herget-Rosenthal et al for a Patient with Nonoliguric Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN)
Factors Associated with Acute Renal Failure Following a Wasp or Hornet Sting
Belgian Classification for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in General Medical Practice
Bladder Amyloidosis
Guy's Stone Complexity Score
Stone Burden
Nomogram of Smith et al for Predicting Success of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Classification of Tiselius et al for Urolithiasis Treated with Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)
Nomogram of Sugihara et al for Predicting Severe Complications of Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy
Intra-Abdominal Complications of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)
STONE Score of Moore et al for an Uncomplicated Ureteral Stone
Risk Factors for Nephropathy in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Causes of Minimal Change Disease (MCD)
Causes of Membranous Glomerulopathy
Causes of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
Cryoglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis (Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis Secondary to Cryoglobulinemia)
Clinical Features of Denys-Drash Syndrome (DDS)
Clinical Features of Frasier Syndrome (FS)
Nephropathy Associated with Alpha-1-Antitrypsin (A1AT) Deficiency
The Abbreviated MDRD Study Equation for Estimating GFR from Standardized Serum Creatinine (MDRD-4)
Equation of Giglio for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate in a Cancer Patient
Factors That Can Affect the Reliability of an Estimated GFR Calculation
Equation of Grubb et al for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate Using Cystatin C and Age
CKD-EPI Equations for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate Using Serum Cystatin C
CKD-EPI Equations for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate Using Serum Creatinine and Cystatin C
Clinical Model of Chien et al for Estimating a Chinese Patient's Risk of Having Chronic Kidney Disease
Biochemical Model of Chien et al for Predicting the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in a Chinese Patient
Risk Score of Halbesma et al for Progressive Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in a General Population (PREVEND Study Score)
Risk of Mortality for a Pediatric Patient Undergoing Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) Based on the study of Gillespie et al
Oxford Classification for Histologic Changes of IgA Nephropathy (MEST Score)
Grading Classification of Droller et al for Hemorrhagic Cystitis
Nomogram of Sugihara et al for Predicting Severe Adverse Events After Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy
Risk Factors for Rupture of the Urinary Bladder
Equation of Shaw et al for Calculating Total Urine Solutes
Potential Renal Solute Load (PRSL) of Kalhan and Price for Infant Formula
Adverse Effects Associated with Thiazides
Isosthenuria, Hyposthenuria and Hypersthenuria
Risk Scores of Mocroft at al for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in a Patient with HIV in the D:A:D Study: Full Model with Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Risk Scores of Mocroft at al for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in a Patient with HIV in the D:A:D Study: Short Model with Unknown Cardiovascular Risk
Risk Factors of Rimes-Stigare et al for End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in a Patient Who Has Been Critically Ill
CRATE Score of Jorge-Monjas et al for Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (CSA-AKI)
Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery (AKICS) Score of Palomba et al for a Patient Undergoing Elective Cardiac Surgery
Dialysis Headache (DH)
Symptom-Based Definition of the Overactive Bladder Syndrome (OABS)
Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OBSS) of Homma et al
Patient’s Perception of Intensity of Urgency Scale (PPIUS) in a Patient with Overactive Bladder
Total Urgency Score (TUS) of Cardozo et al for a Patient with Overactive Bladder
Comorbid Conditions in a Patient with Overactive Bladder Syndrome (OABS)
Differential Diagnosis of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS)
Red Flags of Rosenberg et al for a Patient with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS)
Classification of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS)
LUTS Outcome Score (LOS) of Weiss et al for a Male with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LOTS)
Urinary Bladder Storage Problems That May Contribute to Incontinence or Nocturia
Lifestyle Interventions for a Patient with Symptoms of Overactive Bladder (OAB)
Vesicoureteral Reflux Index (VURx) of Kirsch et al
Criteria for Rapid Progression of Renal Dysfunction in Patients Receiving anti-HIV Drugs in the D:A:D Study
Chronic Kidney Disease Risk Score of Scherzer et al in an HIV-Positive Male Being Treated with Tenofovir
Intake of Oxalate Associated with Tea and Coffee
Hydronephrosis Index (HI)
Model of Hernandez et al for Predicting Mortality in a Renal Transplant Recipient
Nocturnal Polyuria
Sleep Disorders Associated with Nocturia
Nocturnal Polyuria and the Ratio of Urine Output at Night to Daily Output
Typhoid Glomerulonephritis (Salmonella-Associated Glomerulonephritis)
Shunt Nephritis (Glomerulonephritis Associated with Infected Ventriculoatrial Shunt)
Indications from the NICE Guideline for a Long-Term Indwelling Urinary Catheter for a Male with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS)
Problems Stemming from Late Referral of a Patient with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
PUV Risk Score of Coleman et al
Creatinine Velocity in a Child with Posterior Urethral Valves (PUV)
Risk Factors of Heikkila et al for End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in a Patient Treated for Posterior Urethral Valves (PUV)
Prognostic Factors of Oliveira et al for a Patient with Prenatally Detected Posterior Urethral Valves (PUV)
Polyuria
Converting Urine Output Volumes for Various Time Intervals
Formula of Asnani et al for Estimating GFR from Serum Creatinine in a Patient with Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease (Jamaica Sickle Cell Cohort Study, JSCCS)
Risk Factors for Urinary Bladder Stones
Diet and Other Factors Associated with Endemic Bladder Stones in a Developing Country
Equation of Mage et al for Estimating 24 Hour Urine Sodium Excretion
Risk Factors of Jonard et al for Acute Renal Failure (ARF) Occurring in a Postpartum Woman
Singapore Acute Kidney Injury (SAKI) Scoring System of Mithiran et al for an Asian Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgery
Clinical Score of Nah et al for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in a Southeast Asian Patient Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Model of Bell et al for Acute Kidney Injury Following Orthopedic Surgery
Dynamic Predictive Scores for Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (CSA-AKI) of Jiang et al: Preoperative Score
Dynamic Predictive Scores for Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (CSA-AKI) of Jiang et al: Score at ICU Admission
Dynamic Predictive Scores for Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (CSA-AKI) of Jiang et al: Score at 24 Hours After ICU Admission
Simplified Clinical Risk Score of Kim et al for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury After Aortic Surgery
Model of Brown et al for Predicting Acute Renal Insufficiency Following Cardiac Surgery (NNECDSG Score)
Acute Renal Failure Following Fish Gallbladder (Fish Bile) Consumption (Ichthyotoxic Renal Failure)
Risk Factors of Bitker et al for Preload Dependent Hypotension in a Patient Undergoing Intermittent Hemodialysis in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Modified SOFA Score of Lin et al for a Patient Undergoing Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) for Postoperative Acute Renal Failure (ARF)
Risk Score of Doi et al for Predicting 1-Year Mortality After Starting Hemodialysis in a Patient with Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Risk Score of Thamer et al for Short Term Mortality in an Elderly Patient Starting Dialysis
Pollakiuria (Extraordinary Daytime Urinary Frequency)
Risk Prediction Score of McMahon et al for Renal Failure or Mortality in a Patient with Rhabdomyolysis
Polypoid Cystitis, Papillary Cystitis and Bullous Cystitis
Lupus Nephritis Renal Activity Score (SLICC-RAS) of Petri et al
Lupus Nephritis Renal Response Index (SLICC-RRI) of Petri et al
Criteria for the Diagnosis of Hemorrhagic Cystitis
Risk Factors for Hemorrhage Following Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
C1q Nephropathy
Equation of Moran and Myers for Correcting Serum Creatinine for Fluid Balance in a Critically-Ill Patient
Equation of Brandt et al for Estimating the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in a Pediatric Patient from Serum Creatinine
Model of Leder et al for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate in a Pediatric Patient
Risk Score of Peralta et al to Guide Cystatin C Testing to Detect Occult Reduced Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
Equation of Bouvet et al for Estimating the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) from Serum Cystatin C and Creatinine in Pediatric Patients
Equations of Bokenkamp et al for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate in Children Using Cystatin C and Creatinine
Model of Rahmanian et al for Predicting Renal Failure After Cardiac Surgery That Requires Dialysis
Model of Grimm et al for Risk of Acute Renal Failure Following Lung Transplantation
CART Risk Analysis for Late Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in a Patient with a Burn
Predictors of Park for Mortality in a Patient Starting Dialysis After Loss of a Renal Allograft
HELENICC Score of da Hora Passos et al for a Patient with Septic Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Requiring Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)
Criteria of Brodsky et al for Warfarin-Related Nephropathy (Anticoagulation-Related Nephropathy)
Risk Factors for Warfarin-Related Nephropathy (Anticoagulation-Related Nephropathy)
Monitoring Protocol for Warfarin-Related Nephropathy (Anticoagulation-Related Nephropathy)
Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Acute Renal Failure (CHARF)
Risk Factors of Powars et al for Chronic Renal Failure in Sickle Cell Disease
Simple Cystatin C Formula of Perkins et al for Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Bladder Stone Associated with Pubic Hair Nidus
Risk Factors of Holm et al for Acute Renal Failure in a Severely Burned Patient
Risk Index of Kilic et al for Predicting Acute Renal Failure (ARF) Following Heart/Cardiac Transplantation
Risk Factors for Acute Renal Failure Associated with Alcohol Abuse
Pediatric Early AKI Risk Score of Sanchez-Pinto and Khemani
Model of Weiss et al for Predicting Mortality in an Older Adult with Kidney Disease: Cohort 65 to 79 Years of Age
Model of Weiss et al for Predicting Mortality in an Older Adult with Kidney Disease: Cohort 80 Years of Age and Older
Risk Score of Floege et al for Predicting Mortality in a Patient Undergoing Hemodialysis: One-Year All-Cause Mortality
Risk Score of Floege et al for Predicting Mortality in a Patient Undergoing Hemodialysis: Two-Year All-Cause Mortality
Risk Factors of Silva et al for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in a Patient with Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR)
Risk Factors for Renal Failure Associated with Telavancin Therapy
Cocaine-Induced Interstitial Nephritis
Renal Activity Index for Lupus (RAIL) of Brunner et al
Morphological Index of Hill et al for Lupus Nephritis: Tubulointerstitial Activity Index (TIAI)
Morphological Index of Hill et al for Lupus Nephritis: Glomerular Activity Index (GAI)
Morphological Index of Hill et al for Lupus Nephritis: Chronic Lesions Index (CI)
Morphological Index of Hill et al for Lupus Nephritis: Immunofluorescence Index (IFI)
Morphological Index of Hill et al for Lupus Nephritis: Biopsy Index
Obesity-Related Nephropathy
Equation for Estimating Pediatric Urinary Bladder Volume By Age and Maximum Voided Volume (MVV)
Predictors of Johnson et al for Disease Progression in a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Royal Free Hospital Equation for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in a Patient with Cirrhosis
Estimating the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) of Pediatric Patients Using the BCCH Equations of Mattman et al
Equations of Zappitelli for Predicting Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) from Serum Cystatin C and Creatinine in Pediatric Patients
Differential Diagnosis of Hyposthenuria (Low Urinary Specific Gravity)
Significance of Early Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in an Adult with Severe Burn Injury Based on the Study of Mosier et al
Dehydration-Induced Renal Injury
Categories of Furth et al for Estimating the Time to End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) for a Pediatric Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
CART Analysis of Schneider et al for Predicting Late Acute Kidney Injury in a Burn Patient
Models of Slankamenac et al for Predicting Postoperative Acute Renal Failure After Liver Resection
Score of Couchoud et al for Predicting 6-Month Prognosis for an Elderly Patient with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Starting Dialysis
Quinine-Associated Nephropathy
Nephrotoxicity in Acetaminophen Overdose
Simple Model of Austin et al for Predicting Renal Failure in a Patient with Diffuse Proliferative or Membranoproliferative Lupus Nephritis
Impact of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and Complications on the Mortality of a Patient with Cirrhosis
Renal Dysfunction Index (RDI) of Maiwall et al for a Patient with Cirrhosis
Glomerulopathy Associated with Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyl Transferase (LCAT) Deficiency
Clinical Features of a Female Urethral Diverticulum
Risk Factors of Zhou et al for Recurrence of a Female Urethral Diverticulum
Equation of Pottel et al for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in Pediatric Patients
Updated Equation of Schwartz et al for Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in Pediatric Patients
Height-Independent Equation of Zappitelli et al for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in Pediatric Patients (Modified BCCH Equation)
Equation of Matsuo et al for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in Japanese Adults
Pathologic D-Score of Hoshino et al for a Renal Biopsy from a Diabetic
Score of Malhora et al for Acute Kidney Injury in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Mesoamerican Nephropathy (Kidney Disease of Unknown Cause in Agricultural Laborers, KDUCAL)
Predictors of Merkus et al for a Poor Outcome in a Chronic Dialysis Patient
Clinical Prediction Tool of Wick et al for Predicting 6 Month Mortality for an Older Adults Starting Dialysis
Model of Iliuta et al for Determining the Duration of Hemodialysis Required to Treat a Patient with Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
Post-Stroke Urinary Incontinence
Risk Factors for Colistin Nephrotoxicity
Diagnostic Criteria for Lupus Podocytopathy
Equations of Xie et al for Predicting End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in a Chinese Patient with IgA Nephropathy: CLIP Equation
Equations of Xie et al for Predicting End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in a Chinese Patient with IgA Nephropathy: CLIP-PATH Equation
Renal Hemosiderosis
Pediatric Cushing Disease Presenting with Nephrolithiasis (Kidney Stones)
Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury in a Pediatric Patent with Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF)
AKI-Score of Maiwall et al for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in a Patient with Cirrhosis
MELD-Cystatin Score of Maiwall et al for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in a Patient with Cirrhosis
Score of Sujan et al for Acute Kidney Injury in a Patient with Alcoholic Hepatitis (AKI-AH Risk Score)
Bile Cast Nephropathy (Bilirubin-Associated Acute Tubular Necrosis)
Predisposition, Injury, Response, Organ Failure (PIRO) Model of Maiwall et al for Acute Kidney Injury in a Patient with Acute on Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF)
Clinical Manifestations in Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Uveitis (TINU)
Predictors of van Daalen et al for End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in a Patient with Anti-GBM Glomerulonephritis
Renal Risk Score of Brix et al for ANCA-Associated Glomerulonephritis
Proteinuria Asa a Predictor of Remission in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
Shrunken Pore Syndrome
Iatrogenic Ureteral Urine Leaks Including Urinoma
Risk Factors of Fujinaga et al for Acute Kidney Injury in Trauma
Imaging Findings in Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis
Complications of Midurethral Sling (MUS) Using Mesh
Conditions Associated with a Renal Subcapsular Hematoma
VA/DoD Indications for Referring a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease to a Nephrologist
VA/DoD Criteria for Albuminuria from a Spot Urine
VA/DoD Guidelines for Staging of Chronic Kidney Disease
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eFGR) Equations of Bjork et al: Original Lund-Malmo Equations
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eFGR) Equations of Bjork et al: Revised Lund-Malmo Equations Without Lean Body Mass
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eFGR) Equations of Bjork et al: Revised Lund-Malmo Equations Incorporating Lean Body Mass
Risk Factors of Kim et al for Chronic Kidney Disease Following Adrenalectomy for Primary Aldosteronism
Absolute Renal Risk Model of Knoop et al for IgA Nephropathy
CHOKAI Score of Fukuhara et al for Predicting Ureteral Stones
Predictors of Lee et al for Relapse of Adult-Onset Minimal Change Disease (MCD) with Nephrotic Syndrome
Nondilated Obstructive Uropathy (Obstructive Nephropathy Without Hydronephrosis)
Equations of Sanaka et al for Estimating Creatinine Clearance in an Elderly Adult with Muscle Atrophy
Uric Acid Clearance and Glomerular Load
Urine Anion Gap in a Patient with Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis
Impaired Urine Acidification, Urine Anion Gap and Urine Osmolal Gap in Chronic Metabolic Acidosis
Clinical Features of Uremia
Uremia Residual Syndrome
Risk Factors of Athavale et al for Severe Acute Kidney Injury (SAKI) After a Civilian Gunshot Wound
Models of Warady et al for Rapid Progression of Kidney Disease in Children in the CKiD Cohort: Nonglomerular Kidney Disease
Models of Warady et al for Rapid Progression of Kidney Disease in Children in the CKiD Cohort: Glomerular Kidney Disease
Risk Score of O'Seaghdha et al for Chronic Kidney Disease in the General Population
AKI Score of Gharaibeh et al for Acute Kidney Injury After Total Hip Arthroplasty
Model of James et al for Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease Following Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Model of Licurse et al for Predicting Hydronephrosis in a Patient with Acute Kidney Injury
Indications to Screen for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Frequency of Annual Testing for eGFR in a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease
Model of Bansal et al for 5-Year Risk of Death Without End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) for an Older Adult with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Equation of Garred et al for Determining the Protein Catabolic Rate (PCR) in a Dialysis Patient
Dose of Ronco et al for Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration of a Critically-Ill Patient with Acute Renal Failure (ARF)
Complications of Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT)
Risk Stratification Algorithm of Couchoud et al for an Elderly Patient with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
Clinical Tool of Dusseux et al for Identifying an Elderly Dialysis Patient Who May Be a Candidate for Kidney Transplant
Model of Hemke et al for Predicting Survival in a Patient Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy
Risk Factors of Cohen et al for 6-Month Mortality in a Patient on Maintenance Hemodialysis
Fluid Overload and Mortality for a Pediatric Patient Requiring Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit
Predictors of Modrall et al for Blood Pressure Response Following Placement of an Arterial Stent for Renal Artery Stenosis
Model of Nash et al for Acute Kidney Injury and Hyperkalemia in an Older Adult Associated with Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Use
Increased Urinary Excretion of Electrolytes Associated with Aminoglycoside Therapy
Risk Prediction Tool of Barbour et al for IgA Nephropathy (International IgA Nephropathy Network Tool)
Urine-Blood PCO2 Gradient and H+-ATPase Defect Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)
Differential Diagnosis of Bauer for Hematuria
ROKS Nomogram of Rule et al for Risk of a Second Symptomatic Stone Episode
Phenotypic Classification of the Prune Belly Syndrome (PBS)
RUBACE Score of Wong et al for Prune Belly Syndrome: RUBAC Score
RUBACE Score of Wong et al for Prune Belly Syndrome: E Score for Extra-Genitourinary Manifestations
RUBACE Score of Wong et al for Prune Belly Syndrome: Total RUBACE Score
AKI Prediction Score of Patidar et al for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in a Hospitalized Patient with Cirrhosis
Prognostic Factors of Alessandria et al for Hepatorenal Syndrome
Model of Patidar et al for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury in a Hospitalized Patient with Cirrhosis
PROPKD Score of Cornec-Le Gall et al for Renal Survival in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)
Conditions Associated with Collapsing Glomerulopathy
Clinical Features of Collapsing Glomerulopathy
Histopathologic Features of Collapsing Glomerulopathy
Model of Cattran et al for Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy
Evaluating the Number of Glomeruli Showing Glomerulosclerosis in a Kidney Biopsy
Nomogram of Martini et al for Predicting a Significant Reduction in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate After Robotic Partial Nephrectomy
Risk Factors of Yeruva et al for Renal Failure in Sickle Cell Disease
Glomerular Hyperfiltration in Sickle Cell Disease
Hyposthenuria and Enuresis Associated with Sickle Cell Disease
Diuretic Abuse
Prediction of Creatinine Clearance from Plasma Creatinine and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
Full-Age Spectrum (FAS) Model of Pottel el for Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
El-Minia Equation for Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Equation of Otani et al for Estimating Renal Function in an Elderly Japanese Adult (Revised Cockcroft-Gault Equation, Naruto Formula)
Equation of Horio et al for eGFR for a Japanese Adult Using Serum Cystatin C
HUGE Formula for Chronic Renal Failure
Quick Acute Kidney Injury (q-AKI) Score of Ferrari et al for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury in the Intensive Care Unit
Equation of Daugirdas et al for Estimating the Single-Pool Kt/V at Higher Dialysis Frequencies
Score of Santos et al for Predicting Mortality for an Elderly Patient on Dialysis
Urethro-Vaginal Reflux (UVR) as the Cause of Apparent Incontinence in an Adult Woman
Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy (Balkan Nephropathy, Croatian Nephropathy, Chinese Herbal Nephropathy)
Risk Factors of Tselios et al for Rapid Progression of Lupus Nephritis to End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
Risk Factors for Nephrolithiasis in a Patient with Primary Hyperparathyroidism Following Parathyroidectomy
Risk Factors for Nephrolithiasis in a Patient with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Clinical and Biomarker Scores of Kurth et al for Acute Kidney Injury in an Orthopedic Trauma Patient Following Surgery
Fractional Excretion of Magnesium
Conditions Associated with Renal Magnesium Wastage
Modified MDRD and CKD-EPI Equations of Horio et al to Estimate the GFR in a Japanese Adult
Equation of Inker et al for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) from Serum Creatinine and Serum Cystatin
Equation of Chen et al for Estimating 24-Hour Proteinuria
Equations of Teo et al for Estimating 24-Hour Urine Protein Excretion from a Spot Urine Analysis
Model of Ubukata et al for Estimating 24-Hour Urine Proteinuria From the Estimated 24-Hour Urine Creatinine Excretion
Equations of Sumida et al for Estimation of Urine Albumin to Urine Creatinine Ratio: Urine Protein to Urine Creatinine Ratio (UPCR)
Equations of Sumida et al for Estimation of Urine Albumin to Urine Creatinine Ratio: Urine Dipstick Protein
Hereditary Renal Hypouricemia (RHUC)
Differential Diagnosis of Hypouricemia
Prognostic Model of Schmidt et al for a Patient with an Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease
Clinical Tool of Ellis et al for Predicting Risk of Clinically Significant Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) After Nephrectomy
ACT Prediction Model of Bhatraju et al for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury in a Critically-Ill Adult
Models of Gu et al for Chronic Kidney Disease in a Chinese Adult
Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury Risk Stratification of Wazir et al (STARZ Score)
Acute Kidney Injury Risk Score of Bell et al for Use in the General Population
Models of Saranbut for Predicting Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) at 10 Years in an Asian Population: BMI-Based
Models of Saranbut for Predicting Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) at 10 Years in an Asian Population: Waist Model
Models of Saranbut for Predicting Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) at 10 Years in an Asian Population: Clinical and Laboratory Model
Quick Acute Kidney Injury (q-AKI) Score of Ferrari et al for Evaluation of a Patient Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Risk Factors of von Tokarski for Early Acute Kidney Injury in a Patient with Infective Endocarditis
Nomogram of Deng et al for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury in a Septic Patient Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Modified Creatinine Index
Urea Reduction Ratio (URR)
Risk Factors of Shawwa for Mortality in a Hospitalized Patient Requiring Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)
Secondary Renal Amyloidosis in an Injecting Drug User
Renal Recovery Assessment at Liver Transplant (REVERSE) Model of Levitsky et al
Revised Classification of the ADQI and IAC Working Group for Renal Dysfunction in a Patient with Cirrhosis
Renal Transplant Outcomes Predicted from the Ratio of Uromodulin to Osteopontin in the Urine of the Deceased Kidney Donor
SUN Criteria for Tubulointerstitial Nephritis with Uveitis Syndrome (TINU)
C3 Glomerulopathy (C3G)
Prediction Score of Legouis et al for Chronic Kidney Disease After Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Equations of Liu et al for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in Older Chinese Adults
Model of Sun et al for Predicting Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease for a Patient with Diabetic Nephropathy
Diabetic Nephropathy: Glomerular Classification
Diabetic Nephropathy: Interstitial and Vascular Lesions
Risk Factors of Kang at al for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Following Surgery for Hip Fracture in an Elderly Patient
Cough Medicine Associated Nephrolithiasis
Prognostic Model of Sheng et al for a Patient with the Hepatorenal Syndrome (GIMNS Score)
Model of Zhang et al for Predicting Mortality for a Patient with Cirrhosis and Hepatorenal Syndrome
Clinical Score of Foucher et al for Predicting Long-Term Renal Transplant Survival (Kidney Transplant Failure Score, KTFS)
Clinical Prediction Score of Chen et al for Referring an Elderly Dialysis Patient for Renal Transplant
Prognostic Factors of Bjorneklett et al for ANCA-Associated Glomerulonephritis with Glomerular Sclerosis
Risk Score of Xiaofan et al for Progression of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy
Pathologic Stages of Ehrenreich and Chung for Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy
PLA2R1 and Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy
Equation of Vergunst et al for Predicting Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) for a Patient with ANCA-Associated Glomerulonephritis
Prognostic Factors of Grimal et al for a Fetus with Prenatally Diagnosed Megacystis
Equations of Ma et al for Estimating the Depth of a Horseshoe Kidney
Equations of Tonnesen et al for Renal Depth
Equations of Ma et al for Estimating Renal Depth
Equations of Taylor et al for Estimation of Renal Depth in Adults
Equations of Inoue et al for Renal Depth in Children and Adults
Equations of Li and Wang for Renal Depth
Equations of Xue et al for Renal Depth in a Chinese Adult
Equations of Li et al for Renal Depth in a Chinese Adult
Equations of Itoh et al for Renal Depth in Japanese Adults
Nomogram of Jiang et al for Predicting End-Stage Renal Disease in a Patient with Biopsy-Proven Diabetic Nephropathy
Predictors of Mottl et al for End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in a Diabetic
Scores of Jardine et al for Kidney-Related Outcomes for a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: Major Renal Event
Scores of Jardine et al for Kidney-Related Outcomes for a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: New-Onset of Albuminuria
Risk Indicators of van den Akker et al for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Following Cardiogenic Shock
Prediction Models of Lim et al for End-Stage Renal Disease in a Low-Risk General Population: Model 2
Prediction Models of Lim et al for End-Stage Renal Disease in a Low-Risk General Population: KFRE Model
Model of Zacharias et al for Predicting Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) to Renal Failure
Model of Del Carpio et al for Severe Hospital-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Acquired in a Patient Outside of the ICU
Model of Gong et al for Predicting Mortality for an Elderly Patient with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
Strongyloides Nephropathy
Schistosomal Nephropathy
Simple Postoperative AKI Risk (SPARK) Score of Park et al for a Patient Having Noncardiac Surgery
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Associated with Septic Unsafe Abortion
Trauma Associated Severe Kidney Injury Risk Score of Ahmed et al
CKD-EPI Equations of Inker et al for Measuring Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Using Serum Beta-Trace Protein and Beta2-Microglobulin
Prediction of Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in a Type 2 Diabetic By Measurement of Nonalbumin Proteinuria and Albuminuria
Model of Fan et al for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in a Patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Predictors of Dutta et al Associated with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in a Cardiac Arrest Survivor
Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in a Patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Risk Factors of Soum et al for Chronic Kidney Disease After Acute Kidney Injury in the Intensive Care Unit Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy
Ulceration of a Autologous Dialysis Fistula
Predictors of Van Herreweghe et al for Poor Outcomes for a Patient with Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy
Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Associated Nephrotoxicity
Nomogram of Wang et al for Predicting Severe Kidney Disease in a Pediatric Patient with Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
Nomogram of Dogan et al for Outcome of Pediatric Shock-Wave Lithotripsy
Nomogram of Wan et al for Predicting Survival in a Patient with Cirrhosis and Acute Kidney Injury
Model of Zhang et al for Predicting Loss of Renal Function After Partial Nephrectomy
Peritumoral Artery Scoring System (PASS) of Zhang et al for Renal Function After Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy
Nomogram of Mari et al for Predicting Loss of Renal Function After Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy for a Localized Renal Tumor
Creatinine Growth Curves of Bjork et al for a Pediatric Patient
Lund-Malno Revised Equations for eGFR Applicable to Children
Equation of Li et al for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in Chinese (Xiangya Equation)
Hypercalciuria Associated with Beta-Thalassemia Major
Equation of Yamamoto et al for Estimating the Urine Albumin to Creatinine Ratio (ACR) from the Urine Total Protein to Creatinine Ratio (TPCR)
Model of Jiang et al for Diabetic Nephropathy in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: Nomogram
Model of Jiang et al for Diabetic Nephropathy in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: Logistic Regression Model
Flow Chart of Tervaert et al for Classifying Diabetic Nephropathy
RENAAL Score of Keane et al for Predicting Outcomes in a Patient with Diabetic Nephropathy
Model of Yamanouchi et al for Predicting End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in a Patient with Diabetic Nephropathy
Predictive Model of Tangri et al for Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease to Kidney Failure
Acute Kidney Injury Risk Score (AKA-RiSc) of Ang et al
Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE) of Lennartz et al
XMU Score of Zhou et al for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury Associated with an Acute Myocardial Infarction
Predictive Factors of Sanderson et al for Mortality of an Infant Requiring Dialysis in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)
Predictors of Derrett et al for Health Deterioration in an Adult on Dialysis
Risk Factors of Genovesi et al for Sudden Cardiac Death in a Dialysis Patient
Nomogram of Li et al for Predicting Urinary Stress Incontinence After Endoscopic Enucleation of the Prostate
Herbal Nephropathy
Staging System of Li et al for a Patient with Systemic Immunoglobulin Light-Chain Amyloidosis with Renal Involvement
Lupus Nephritis with Antiphospholipid Syndrome Nephropathy
IgA Nephropathy Associated with Celiac Disease
Predictors of Avasare et al for Recurrence of IgA Nephropathy After Renal Transplant
Risk Score of Xie et al for Progression of IgA Nephropathy
Score of Goto et al for Predicting Renal Outcome in a Patient with IgA Nephropathy
Histologic Grades of IgA Nephropathy in Japan
Prognostic Score of Berthoux et al for a Patient with IgA Nephropathy
Risk Categories for Cancer in a Woman with Microhematuria
HLPES Score of Gu et al for Predicting Kidney Stone Free Status After Flexible Ureteroscopy
TOHO Models of Hori et al for Stone-Free Status After Flexible Ureteroscopy Lithotripsy: Nomogram
TOHO Models of Hori et al for Stone-Free Status After Flexible Ureteroscopy Lithotripsy: Score
RIRS Scoring System of Xiao et al for Predicting Stone-Free Rate After Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery
Nonogram of De Nunzio et al for Predicting Stone Free Status in a Patient with Ureteral Stone Treated with Semi-Rigid Primary Laser Uretero-Lithotripsy
Nomogram of Gu et al for Predicting Urosepsis in a Diabetic Patient After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Models of Kim et al for Predicting Stone-Free Status After Shock Wave Lithotripsy: After First Session with CT Available
Models of Kim et al for Predicting Stone-Free Status After Shock Wave Lithotripsy: After Third Session with CT Available
Modified Seoul National University Renal Stone Complexity (S-ReSC) Score
Antiphospholipid Syndrome Nephropathy (APS Nephropathy)
Prognostic Model of Ni et al for Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA) Glomerulonephritis
Malarial Glomerulopathy
Histopathologic Classification of Berden et al for ANCA-Associated Glomerulonephritis
Predictors of Roger et al for Stage II Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in a Patient with Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease
Model of Moledina et al for Diagnosis of Acute Interstitial Nephritis
Acute Interstitial Nephritis Following Stings by the Asian Giant Hornet
Prediction Models of Inoguchi et al for End-Stage Renal Disease in a Diabetic: Model 3
Prediction Models of Inoguchi et al for End-Stage Renal Disease in a Diabetic: Model 5
COV-AKI Score of Palomba et al for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury in a Patient with COVID-19
Clinical Model of de Oliveira Valle et all for Discontinuation of Renal Replacement Therapy in a Patient with Acute Kidney Injury
Predictors of Wei et al for Successful Discontinuation of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in a Pediatric Patient
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Association with Toluene Inhalation (Glue Sniffing)
Dent Disease
Clinical and Laboratory Features of Gitelman Syndrome
Causes of Gitelman or a Gitelman-Like Syndrome
Clinical and Laboratory Features of Bartter's Syndrome
The Inherited Types of Bartter Syndrome
Features of Antenatal Bartter's Syndrome
Differential Diagnosis of Hereditary Salt-Losing Tubulopathies
Distinguishing Between a Loop and a Distal Convoluted Tubule Disorder
EAST (SeSAME) Syndrome
Nomograms of Chen et al for Predicting Survival in a Patient with ANCA-Associated Glomerulonephritis
Modified MDERD Equations of Lee et al for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in Korean Adults
Models of Elley et al for 5-Year Renal Risk in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: Model 2
Models of Elley et al for 5-Year Renal Risk in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: Model 4
Model of Nader et al for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in AL Amyloidosis
Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury Following a Snakebite
Prediction Model of Huang et al for Postpartum Urinary Incontinence in a Primipara Female with a Singleton Pregnancy
Stages of Palladini et al for Renal AL Amyloidosis
Criteria of Palladini et al for Response to Therapy in a Patient with Renal AL Amyloidosis
Model of Zheng et al for Predicting Severe Hemorrhage After Nephrolithotomy for Nephrolithiasis
Estimated Post-Transplant Survival (EPTS) for a Renal Transplant Recipient
Clinical Findings of Bihorac et al Associated with Acute Kidney Injury in a Trauma Patient

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