Predictors of Ishikawa et al for Overt Bleeding After a Percutaneous Needle Biopsy of the Kidney

 

Overt blood loss was defined as a drop in hemoglobin >= 10% by the morning after the procedure (about 16-18 hours afterwards). A percentage drop tended to correlated with clinical status better than an absolute drop in g/dL.

 

Serious bleeding was defined as the need for blood transfusion or an intervention to control bleeding.

 

Risk factors for overt blood loss on multivariate analysis:

(1) perirenal hematoma >= 2 cm by ultrasonography performed 10 minutes after the procedure (odds ratio 8.1)

(2) INR > 1.0 (odds ratio 2.5)

(3) mean blood pressure >= 105 mm Hg (odds ratio 2.5)

(4) history of corticosteroid therapy (odds ratio 2.6)

 

where:

• The mean blood pressure is ((systolic) + (2 * (diastolic))) / 3.

 

Additional risk factors that may contribute:

(1) older age

(2) serum creatinine >= 2.0 mg/dL