Renal abnormalities in Sjogren's syndrome:
(1) interstitial nephritis with or without renal tubular acidosis
(2) glomerulonephritis secondary to immune complex deposits
(3) Fanconi's syndrome
Criteria:
(1) presence of Sjogren's syndrome with xerostomia and xerophthalmia
(2) evidence of renal disease
(3) exclusion of other causes for the renal disease
Evidence of renal disease:
(1) elevated serum creatinine (> 1.6 mg/dL) with decreased creatinine clearance (< 50 mL per minute)
(2) persistent proteinuria (> 500 mg per 24 hours) for more than 3 months
(3) more than 10 RBCs per high power field or red blood cell casts in the renal sediment
(4) persistent low urine specific gravity (< 1.010) after 12 hours water deprivation AND persistent alkaline urine (pH > 7.0) for more than 6 months
(5) recurrent renal colic with urolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis
(6) Fanconi's syndrome without any other identifiable cause
