A number of conditions may predispose to phosphate nephropathy by promoting precipitation of calcium phosphate in distal renal tubules and collecting ducts.
The patient should have a phosphate load to the kidney, either as hyperphosphatemia or phosphate administration
Risk factors:
(1) inadequate hydration
(2) hypertension and arteriosclerosis
(3) therapy with NSAIDS
(4) therapy with diuretics
(5) therapy with renin-angiotensin inhibitors (reduce renal perfusion and increase bicarbonateuria)
(6) heart failure
(7) cirrhosis
(8) female gender
(9) pre-existing renal impairment (associated with impaired phosphate excretion)
(10) bowel obstruction or increased bowel transit time following oral phosphate load
(11) older age (>= 58 years of age)
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