End-stage renal disease that goes untreated can result in the syndrome of uremia ("urine in the blood"). It is uncommon in developed countries where renal replacement therapy is available.
Neuromuscular findings:
(1) loss of energy
(2) decreased mental acuity or change in mental status
(3) restless legs
(4) peripheral neuropathy
(5) disturbed sleep
(6) muscle cramps
Gastrointestinal findings:
(1) anorexia
(2) nausea and/or vomiting
(3) hiccups
(4) weight loss
(5) defective taste and smell
(6) dyspepsia
Skin findings:
(1) pruritis
(2) skin eruptions
(3) uremic frost
Cardiopulmonary findings:
(1) heart failure
(2) dyspnea (uremic asthma)
(3) uremic fetor (ammonia or urine-like odor to the breath)
(4) uremic pericarditis
Miscellaneous findings:
(1) sexual dysfunction
(2) amenorrhea in females
(3) insulin resistance
(4) anemia
(5) coagulopathy with platelet dysfunction
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