The rupture of the urinary bladder wall may be associated with a number of risk factors.
Traumatic
(1) penetrating trauma
(2) blunt trauma (causing a raised intravesical pressure)
(3) iatrogenic perforation during catheterization or instrumentation
Weakening of the bladder wall
(1) radiation therapy
(2) previous surgery on the urinary bladder
(3) tumor invasion
(4) cystitis (emphysematous, tuberculous, recurrent, etc)
(5) congenital defect
Bladder distention and/or increase in intravesical pressure:
(1) excessive urine formation (binge drinking, diuresis, etc)
(2) bladder outlet obstruction
(3) neurogenic bladder
Multifactorial:
(1) bladder stones
(2) indwelling catheter
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Specialty: Nephrology, Clinical Laboratory
