Causes of Minimal Change Disease (MCD)

Minimal Change Disease (MCD) may be associated with a number of conditions. Controlling the cause is important for managing the patient.

Secondary causes of MCD:

(1) NSAID

(2) lithium

(3) bee stings (? allergy)

(4) food allergy

(5) EBV infection

(6) HIV infection

(7) paraneoplastic (see next)

Tumors associated with paraneoplastic MCD (all hematologic):

(1) Hodgkin’s lymphoma

(2) non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

(3) intravascular (angiotrophic) lymphoma

(4) angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy

(5) T cell leukemia

(6) mycosis fungoides

(7) acute myelogenous leukemia

(8) chronic myelogenous leukemia

Idiopathic/primary MCD

Variant forms of MCD:

(1) diffuse mesangial hypercellularity

(2) IgM nephropathy

(3) with acute renal failure

(4) in combination with IgA nephropathy

(5) in combination with lupus nephritis

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