Arnold et al listed recommended times for referral of a patient with heart failure. The authors are from multiple institutions in Canada.
Triage Need |
Suggested Time |
emergent (A) |
< 24 hours |
urgent (B) |
< 2 weeks |
semiurgent (C) |
< 4 weeks |
scheduled, priority (D) |
< 6 weeks |
scheduled, routine (E) |
< 12 weeks |
Parameters:
(1) New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class
(2) AHA/ACC clinical stage
(3) heart failure factors
(4) critical conditions (acute severe myocarditis, acute pulmonary edema, evaluation for transplant or device placement)
Parameter |
Finding |
Time |
NYHA |
NYHA I |
E |
|
NYHA II |
D |
|
NYHA III |
C |
|
NYHA IV |
B |
AHA.ACC |
Stage A |
E |
|
Stage B |
E |
|
Stage C |
C |
|
Stage D |
B |
heart failure |
chronic management |
D |
|
new diagnosis, stable and compensated |
C |
|
post-myocardial infarct |
B |
|
post-hospital or ED visit |
B |
|
new diagnosis, unstable and decompensated |
B |
|
progressive |
B |
|
cardiogenic shock |
A |
critical conditions |
any |
A |
Purpose: To determine the appropriate time interval for referring a patient with heart failure to a specialist.
Specialty: Cardiology
Objective: severity, prognosis, stage, failure handling, when to refer, response to therapy
ICD-10: I50,