Arkenau et al developed a simple prognostic score for patients with a malignant neoplasm. This can be used to help separate patients into prognostic groups for Phase I clinical trials. The authors are from the Royal Marsden Hospital and Institute of Cancer Research in England.
Parameters:
(1) serum LDH relative to the upper limit of normal (ULN)
(2) serum albumin
(3) number of metastatic sites
|
Parameter |
Finding |
Points |
|---|---|---|
|
serum LDH |
<= upper limit of normal |
0 |
|
|
> upper limit of normal |
1 |
|
serum albumin |
>= 3.5 g/dL |
0 |
|
|
< 3.5 g/dL |
1 |
|
number of metastatic sites |
0, 1 or 2 |
0 |
|
|
3 or more |
1 |
where:
• The number of metastatic sites does not refer to the number of metastases. Sites of metastases include lung, liver, bone and lymph node.
total score =
= SUM(points for all 3 parameters)
Interpretation:
• minimum score: 0
• maximum score: 3
• The higher the score the worse the prognosis.
|
Total Score |
Risk Group |
Median (50%) Survival |
|---|---|---|
|
0 or 1 |
low |
33 months |
|
2 or 3 |
high |
16 months |
Limitations:
• The accuracy of the score is determined by the type of malignant neoplasm. The reference population probably should be patients with a specific type of tumor rather than all patients.
• Most of the patients in the study had gastrointestinal tumors.
• Some tumors (like urologic tract tumors) may have a better prognosis than other types of tumor.
• Hematologic neoplasms would not be covered.
Purpose: To determine the prognostic risk group for a patient with a malignant neoplasm using the score of Arkenau et al.
Specialty: Hematology Oncology, Surgery, general
Objective: severity, prognosis, stage
ICD-10: C00-C14, C15-C26, C30-C39, C40-C41, C43-C44, C45-C49, C50-C50, C51-C58, C60-C63, C64-C68, C69-C72, C73-C75, C76-C80, C79.9, C81-C96, C97-C97, Z51.5,
