Features seen on radiographs from human long bones:
(1) Patterns of trabeculae in the spongy bone from the midshaft area
(1a) circular
(1b) oblong
(1c) A more sparse trabecular pattern with a more homogeneous appearance may be seen in bones like the radius.
(2) Often there is not a sharp line or border separating the internal aspect of the cortex from the spongy bone in the midshaft area.
Features seen on radiographs from animal long bones:
(1) Patterns of trabeculae in the spongy bone from the midshaft area
(1a) more dense or granular
(1b) more homogeneous usually without the pattern seen in human bones
(2) There is often a sharp line or border delineating the internal aspect of the cortex from the spongy bone.
(3) Small, spicule-like invaginations of cortical bone may appear to extend from the cortex into the spongy bone in the midshaft area.
(4) Nutrient canals may extend into the midshaft area.
Limitations:
• The rate of correct species identification may be in the order of 82-87%.
• If the radiographic examination does not clearly identify the species of origin, then guessing will often not be accurate, and an alternate method such as histologic examination should be performed.
