Ultrasound Classification of Nyberg et al for Fetal Cleft Lip With or Without Cleft Palate

Description

Nyberg et al used fetal ultrasound to classify cleft lip with or without cleft palate. The authors are from Swedish Hospital Medical Center in Seattle, Washington, and Emanuel Hospital in Portland, Oregon.

Parameters:

(1) cleft lip

(2) cleft palate

(3) premaxillary protrusions

(4) amniotic band or limb-body-wall (LBW) complex

Cleft Lip	Cleft Palate	Premaxillary Protrusion	Amniotic Band or LBW Complex	Type
absent	absent	absent	absent	normal
unilateral	absent	absent	absent	1
unilateral	present	absent	absent	2
bilateral	present	present	absent	3a
bilateral	present	absent	absent	3b
midline	present	NA	absent	4
present	NA	NA	present	5

where:

• The limb-body-wall complex = exencephaly or calvareal defect, defect in body wall, often scoliosis, and intra-amniotic bands (page 678).

• Premaxillary protrusion occurs when there is anterior growth and displacement of the maxilla. This results in an intermaxillary echogenic area or soft tissue mass protruding at the upper lip on ultrasound.

Types 2, 3 and 4 are associated with a high risk for chromosome abnormalities (page 683).

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Ultrasound Classification of Nyberg et al for Fetal Cleft Lip With or Without Cleft Palate

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