Ultrasound parameters for study:
(1) urinary bladder wall thickness in the anterior and posterior walls
(2) presence of irregularities in wall
(3) presence of localized thickening
(4) presence of polyps, masses or tumors
|
Grade
|
Bladder Wall Thickness
|
Other Features
|
|
0
|
< 5 mm
|
|
|
I
|
5 - 7 mm
|
OR (any wall irregularities)
|
|
II
|
8 - 9 mm
|
OR (any localized thickening with largest diameter <= 5 mm)
|
|
III
|
>= 10 mm
|
OR (any localized thickening with largest diameter > 5mm),
OR (polyp, mass or tumor)
|
Interpretation:
• Higher grade lesions had greater morbidity and parasituria than lower grade lesions.
Other Tests of Disease Severity
Number of parasite eggs per 10 mL of urine:
(1) low grade infection: < 20 eggs per 10 mL
(2) moderate grade: >= 20 eggs per 10 mL
Renal back pressure by ultrasonography, indicating urinary obstruction:
(1) minimal (Grade 0, unobstructed)
(2) mild (Grade 1, with mild hydronephrosis)
(3) moderate (Grade 2, with moderate hydronephrosis)
(4) severe (Grade 3, with severe hydronephrosis)
