A patient using inhaled corticosteroids may develop changes in the upper and lower airways.
Patient groups usually affected: COPD, asthma
Physical effects on airways:
(1) acquired tracheomalacia associated with damage to cartilage
(2) excessive dynamic airway collapse (EDAC) associated with loss of elastic fibers
(3) atrophy and separation of tracheobronchial smooth muscle
Infections associated with inhaled corticosteroids:
(1) Candidiasis of the vocal cords
(2) community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
(3) Mycobacterial pneumonia
Additional changes:
(1) dysphonia
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Specialty: Pulmonology, Toxicology
