Methylene chloride (dichloromethane) has many potential uses but its toxicity has resulted in increased restrictions on its use.
Chemical formula: CH2Cl2
Odor: sweet, chloroform-like
Methylene chloride has had many uses including:
(1) solvent in paint strippers and degreasing agents
(2) food processing (decaffeination of coffee, spice oleoresins, other)
(3) process catalyst
(4) solvent for pharmaceuticals
(5) aerosol propellant
Vapors are heavier than air and can accumulate in low-lying areas, especially if ventilation is poor.
Acute intoxication can occur after inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption.
Metabolism in the liver results in release of carbon monoxide and formaldehyde.
Acute exposure can result in:
(1) nausea and abdominal pain
(2) headache, dizziness, drowsiness
(3) irritation to eyes, mucous membranes and bronchi
(4) elevated blood carbon monoxide and methylene chloride levels
(5) intoxication
(6) respiratory depression
Additional hazards:
(1) It may be carcinogenic.
(2) If heated to decomposition it can release phosgene which is highly toxic.
(3) In a high oxygen atmosphere it can form explosive compounds.
Personal protective equipment and atmospheric monitoring must be used when handling. Gloves should be butyl rubber or polyvinyl alcohol; latex gloves do not protect.
