Coke is a fuel produced from coal in kilns with release of a variety of volatile hydrocarbons and other chemical compounds. Coke oven emissions are the benzene-soluble fraction of total particulate matter generated during its production.
Toxins associated with coke oven emissions include:
(1) heavy metals
(2) carbon monoxide
(3) hydrocarbons, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), benzene and phenol
(4) formaldehyde
(5) ammonia
(6) nitrogen oxides
(7) hydrogen sulfide
plus many others
Exposures are primarily by inhalation and dermal contact.
Toxic effects may include:
(1) skin cancer
(2) bladder cancer
(3) neurotoxicity
(4) myelodysplasia and/or AML
(5) lung cancer and other cancers of the respiratory tract
(6) sperm dysfunction and infertility
(7) prostate cancer
Toxic effects may be increased with other exposures including smoking.
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