Parameters:
(1) vocal complaints, verbal
(2) vocal complaints, non-verbal (groans, moans, gasps, etc.)
(3) down time (time spent lying down because of pain per day from 8 AM to 8 PM)
(4) facial grimaces
(5) standing posture
(6) mobility
(7) body language (clutching, rubbing site)
(8) use of visible support equipment (braces, crutches, cane, leaning on furniture, TENS, etc.)
(9) stationary movement (ability to stay still)
(10) medication use
Each item is scored from none (0 points), occasional (0.5) and frequent (1 point).
total score =
= SUM(points for all 10 items)
Interpretation:
• minimum score: 0
• maximum score: 10
• The higher the score, the more marked the pain-associated behavior and the greater the level of impairment.
