A neonate with posterior urethral valves (PUV) or other urinary tract malformation may develop spontaneous pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum.
Clinical features:
(1) oligohydramnios during pregnancy
(2) variable degree of pulmonary hypoplasia (Potter’s sequence)
(3) respiratory insufficiency identified soon after delivery
(4) identification of spontaneous pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum
These findings should prompt evaluation of the urinary tract, especially looking for PUV in male neonates.
