Soppi et al reported the Shape Risk Scale (SRS) for pressure ulcer risk. The authors are from Eira Hospital, Mikkeli University of Applied Science, StatFinn Ltd, and EPID Research Ltd in Finland.
Parameters:
(1) body shape
(2) body mass index (BMI) in kg per square meter
(3) physical activity and mobility
(4) consciousness and sensory perception
(5) body temperature in °C
points for body temperature =
= MAX(0,((temperature) - 37)/0.5)
Parameter
Finding
Points
body shape
pear
1
column
2
hourglass or inverted triangle (athletic)
4
apple
6
BMI
30 to 40
1
22.5 to 29.9
2
< 22.5
4
> 40
6
physical activity
walks unaided
1
cannot bear weight; needs help to go to chair or wheelchair
2
moves trunk or limbs only occasionally or very little
4
cannot move without assistance
6
consciousness and sensory perception
normal
1
reacts appropriately to verbal command or pain
2
unable to communicate appropriately or to express discomfort; can only moan or be restless
4
unconscious; does not react to pain; hemiplegia; paraplegia
6
score =
= SUM(points for all 5 parameters)
Interpretation:
• minimum score: 3
• maximum score: around 32
• The higher the score the greater the risk of a pressure ulcer.
Score
Risk
<= 6
low
7 to 12
medium
13 to 18
high
>= 19
extremely high
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