There are specific polymorphisms in each of the following proteins that make the patient susceptible to severe sepsis and malaria. The risk increases if the patient is homozygous for multiple polymorphisms.
Cytokines:
(1) tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
(2) interleukin-6 (IL-6)
(3) interleukin-10 (IL10)
(4) macrophage inhibitor factor (MIF)
Coagulation factors:
(1) fibrinogen
(2) factor II
(3) factor V
(4) factor VII
(5) factor XIII
(6) plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)
Enzymes:
(1) catalase
(2) angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
Toll-like receptors (TLR):
(1) TLR-2
(2) TLR-4
(3) TLR-5
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL)
(1) MBL2
Other:
(1) CD14
(2) MD-2
(3) FcyRIIa
(4) interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK1)
(5) toll interleukin-1 receptor associated protein (TIRAP)
(6) inhibitor of nuclear factor (Nf)-kappaB (I-kappaB)
