Rutherford et al reported scores for the risk of bleeding in a patient treated with noon-vitamin K oral anticoagulant (NOAC). These include both full and abbreviated models. The authors are from multiple institutions in Norway.
Patient selection: therapy with non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant (NOAC)
Parameters:
(1) sex
(2) age in years
(3) hypertension
(4) chronic kidney disease
(5) chronic heart failure
(6) history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA)
(7) COPD
(8) anemia diagnosed within the past 12 months
(9) history of bleeding
(10) hospitalized for non-bleeding issue in past 12 months
Parameter
Finding
Points
sex
female
0
male
1
age
< 65 years
0
65 to 75 years
1
> 75 years
2
hypertension
no
0
yes
1
chronic kidney disease
no
0
yes
1
chronic heart failure
no
0
yes
1
stroke or TIA
no
0
yes
1
COPD
no
0
yes
1
anemia
no
0
yes
1
history of bleeding
no
0
yes
2
hospitalized
no
0
yes
1
total score =
= SUM(points for all of the parameters)
Interpretation:
• minimum score: 0
• maximum score: 12
Total Score
1-Year Cumulative Risk of Bleeding
0 to 2
2-4%
3 or 4
6-8%
5 or 6
11-15%
7 to 12
22-30%
Performance:
• The area under the ROC curve is 0.68.
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