Arias et al reported the Santiago Shock Score (S3) for predicting in-hospital mortality for a patient with cardiogenic shock. The authors are from the Compejo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela, the University of Salamanca and CIBERCV in Spain.
Patient selection: hospitalized patient with cardiogenic shock
Parameters:
(1) age in years
(2) serum lactate on admission in mmol/L
(3) grade of mitral regurgitation
(4) hemoglobin on admission in g/dL
(5) serum NT-proBNP in pg/mL
(6) etiology of cardiogenic shock
Parameters
Findings
Points
age in years
< 65 years
0
65 to 79 years
1
>= 80 years
3
serum lactate
< 2 mmol/L
0
2 to 5 mmol/L
1
> 5 mmol/L
3
mitral regurgitation
none, Grade I, Grade II
0
Grade III or IV
2
hemoglobin
> 11 g/dL
0
< 11 g/dL
1
NT-proBNP
< 2,000 pg/mL
0
2,000 to 5,000 pg/mL
2
5,000 to 15,000 pg/mL
4
> 15,000 pg/mL
5
etiology
acute coronary syndrome
2
other
0
total score =
= SUM(points for all of the parameters)
Interpretation:
• minimum score: 0
• maximum score: 16
Total Score
Risk
Mortality
0 to 6
low
13-17%
7 to 10
intermediate
47-49%
11 to 16
high
85-88%
Performance:
• The area under the ROC curve was 0.85.
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