Yu et al identified risk factors for pulmonary complications after percutaneous nephrolithostomy. The authors are from Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, and Dankook University in Seoul.
Patient selection: percutaneous nephrolithostomy
Outcome: pulmonary complications (hypoxemia, atelectasis, hypercarbia, pleural effusion, pneumonia, pneumothorax, need for reintubation, respiratory failure)
Risk factors for pulmonary complications:
(1) higher body mass index (BMI; overweight or obese)
(2) intraoperative red blood cell transfusion
(3) intercostal surgical approach (as opposed to subcostal)
Excessive fluid irrigation should be avoided since absorbed fluid may cause fluid overload.
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