Taira et al identified risk factors for in-hospital mortality following a ground-level fall. These can help to identify a patient who may benefit from more aggressive management. The authors are from Tokai University in Isehara City, Japan.
Patient selection: Japanese adults admitted for ground-level fall
Risk factors for in-hospital mortality:
(1) age and gender
(2) weighted Revised Trauma Score (RTS), from 0 to 7.84
(3) AIS >= 3 in various regions, especially head injury
Gender
Age
Odds Ratio Mortality
male
60 to 79 years
2.8
>= 80 years
5.4
female
60 to 79 years
1.5
>= 80 years
2.3
The RTS is less than 7.84 if any of the following is present:
(1) systolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg
(2) tachypnea (respiratory rate >= 30 breaths per minute) or hyponea (respiratory rate < 10)
(3) Glasgow coma scale (GCS) < 13
Gender
Odds Ratio for Mortality if wRTS less than 7.84
male
6.9
female
10
Region with AIS >= 3
Gender and Age
Odds Ratio Mortality
head
female 69 to 79 years
6.0
female >= 80 years
9.4
male 69 to 79 years
11.7
male >= 80 years
6.7
abdomen
female 60 to 79 years
8.2
male >= 80 years
6.2
spine
male >= 80
2.4
lower limbs and pelvis
male 60 to 79 years
2.1
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