Description

Schwenk et al evaluated retired professional football players for risk factors associated with depression. These can help identify those who may benefit from interventions to enhance mood. The authors are from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.


 

NOTE: Many sports players develop physical problems as they age, even those who just play in high school.

 

Work-related:

(1) difficulty in finding work

(2) lack of satisfaction in work

 

Economic:

(1) lack of adequate health insurance (may not be an issue if healthy)

(2) financial problems

 

Social:

(1) marital or relationship problems

(2) loss of social support or friendships

(3) no longer being part of team

 

Physical:

(1) pain

(2) trouble sleeping (which may be manifestation of significant depression)

(3) weight gain

(4) loss of fitness

(5) age-related changes

 

Psychological:

(1) drug or alcohol abuse

(2) trouble adjusting to life transition

 

where:

• The odds ratios range from 2.8 to 11 (for trouble sleeping), with most 5.

 

Other factors not listed:

(1) being physically crippled (which may be the reason for early retirement)

(2) feelings of rejection (no longer any good)

(3) no longer being a center of attention

(4) AIDS or other infectious diseases

 


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