Risk factors for acute bacterial sinusitis:
(1) immunosuppression or immunodeficiency
(2) mechanical ventilation
(3) nasal packing or nasogastric tube
(4) tonsillar and adenoidal hypertrophy
(5) deviated nasal septum
(6) nasal polyps
(7) cleft palate or other nasal deformity
(8) dental infections
(9) recent allergic rhinits
(10) recent upper respiratory tract infection
(11) cystic fibrosis
(12) previous episodes of bacterial sinusitis with fibrosis and impaired drainage of secretions
Protective measures:
(1) vaccination against Hemophilus influenzae
(2) vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae
where:
• Item #12 and the 2 protective measures were added to the contents of the original table. The role of H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae in acute bacterial sinusitis are discussed on the same page.
