Risk Factors of Pape et al for Poor Outcome After Early Fracture Fixation

 

Parameters associated with an adverse outcome to early fracture surgery:

(1) "borderline" patient (see under damage control orthopedic surgery, above)

(2) platelet count < 90,000 per µL

(3) hypothermia with body temperature < 32°C

(4) shock AND transfusion of > 25 units of blood

(5) multiple long bone fractures AND truncal AIS >= 2

(6) time required in the operating room > 6 hours

(7) arterial injury AND systolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg

(8) exaggerated inflammatory response with elevated cytokines (IL-6 > 800 pg/mL)

 

where:

• The listing also includes bilateral lung contusions on chest X-ray, but this is also included as a "borderline" finding.