Oliva et al reported complications that can occur following ingestion of a disk battery. The authors are from multiple institutions in Italy.
Patient selection: pediatric patient
Risk factors for complications associated with an ingested disk battery:
(1) age of the patient less than 5 years
(2) impaction of the battery near the aortic arch
(3) negative pole of the battery against the mucosal surface
(4) diameter of the battery > 12 mm
(5) symptomatic
(6) active or sentinel bleeding
(7) deep lesion in the wall of the viscus
(8) vascular involvement
(9) multiple disk batteries ingested
(10) ingestion of both a disk battery and magnet
