Criteria for broad-spectrum resistance: in vitro resistance to cefotaxime OR ceftazidime
Independent risk factors on multivariate analysis associated with bacteremia caused by broad-spectrum cephalosporin resistant Enterobacter species (Table 2, page 815):
(1)previous receipt of broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotics
(2) previous receipt of aminoglycosides
(3) presence of an invasive procedure within previous 72 hours
(4) care in the ICU
Additional risk factors for bacteremia caused by broad-spectrum cephalosporin resistant Enterobacter species (Table 2, page 815):
(1) prolonged hospital stay (>= 2 weeks)
(2) nosocomial acquisition of the infection
(3) postoperative
(4) presence of an indwelling urinary catheter
(5) presence of a central venous catheter
(6) receipt of antibiotics in past 30 days
(7) previous receipt of metronidazole
(8) previous receipt of a penicillin
(9) previous receipt of a fluoroquinolone
Risk factors for 30 days mortality in a patient with Enterobacter species (Table 4, page 817):
(1) broad-spectrum cephalosporin resistance
(2) prolonged hospital stay (>= 2 weeks)
(3) presentation of bacteremia as septic shock
(4) care in the ICU
(5) primary site of infection unknown
(6) APACHE II score >= 8 (higher risk if >= 16) or increasing
