Feijen et al reported factors associated shoulder pain in young, competitive swimmers. These factors can help to identify a swimmer at risk for shoulder pain. The authors are from the University of Antwerp.
Patient selection: youth competitive swimmer, from 10 to 40 years of age
Predictors for shoulder pain:
(1) ratio of acute vs chronic workload (OR 4.3)
Protective factors:
(1) regional competitive level (OR 0.19) vs club level
(2) hand entry position error (OR 0.37)
(3) greater posterior shoulder muscle endurance (OR 0.96 per count)
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