Croghan et al reported factors associated with urinary retention following elective inguinal hernia repair. The authors are from multiple institutions in Europe, Canada, India, and Libya.
Outcome: postoperative urinary retention (POUR), defined as inability to void with need to decompress the bladder by catheterization within 1 week of inguinal hernia repair
Occurrence: 6% of males (10% if >= 65 years), 3% of females
Risk factors for POUR:
(1) older age (>= 65 years)
(2) anticholinergic medication
(3) history of urinary retention
(4) constipation
(5) out-of-hour surgery
(6) involvement of the urinary bladder within the hernia
