Patient selection: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in a patient with cirrhosis and ascites
Risk factors for 30-day mortality for all patients with SBP:
(1) nosocomial SBP (versus community-acquired)
(2) concomitant hepatocellular carcinoma
(3) presentation with acute renal failure
(4) presentation with septic shock
(5) initial therapy with inappropriate antibiotics (significant in the unadjusted analysis but not the adjusted analysis)
Risk factors for 30-day mortality if the SBP is due to a Gram-negative bacteria:
(1) nosocomial SBP (versus community-acquired)
(2) presentation with acute renal failure
(3) exposure to a third-generation cephalosporin within the past 90 days (associated with increased risk of resistance to third generation cephalosporins)
where:
• SBP was classified as nosocomial if onset was > 72 hours after admission to the hospital.
