Risk factors for acquiring:
(1) eating foods that are not steaming hot, thoroughly cooked and eaten soon after preparation
(2) eating at buffets or from street vendors
(3) eating raw vegetables, especially salads
(4) eating fruits without a protective skin
(5) eating fruits with a protective skin but not peeled just before eating
(6) drinking untreated tap or ground water, including ice
(7) visiting rural, tropical and/or areas with poor sanitation
(8) failure to wash hands before eating or follow good hygienic practices
(9) eating food not protected from animals, rodents or insects
(10) drinking beverages not commercially prepared, bottled or made from boiling water
(11) eating unpasteurized milk products or fruit juices
(12) eating raw shellfish
(13) eating raw meat
(14) swimming near where sewage is released or in improperly treated pools
(15) being adventuresome and unrestrained in temperament
(16) heavy use of alcohol or other intoxicants
(17) eating uncooked, cold sauces
Other behaviors which may confer risk:
(1) brushing teeth with untreated tap water
(2) drinking directly from cans or bottles with contaminated surfaces
People at risk for complications:
(1) achlorhydria
(2) patients taking H2 blockers, proton pump inhibitors, or large amounts of antacids
(3) patients with AIDS and low CD4 counts
(4) patients on cancer chemotherapy or immunosuppression
(5) patients with common IgA deficiency or other inherited immunodeficiency states
(6) patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis
(7) small children
(8) patients with diabetes
(9) patients with serious renal or cardiovascular disease
