Synonym: parenteral nutrition-associated conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Criteria for PNAC:
(1) infant receiving parenteral nutrition
(2) serum direct bilirubin >= 2 mg/dL
(3) no other explanation for the hyperbilirubinemia
Risk factors associated with the patient:
(1) prematurity
(2) birth weight < 750 g
(3) small for gestational age
(4) bronchopulmonary dysplasia
(5) gastroschisis
(6) jejunal atresia
(7) necrotizing enterocolitis
(8) late-onset neonatal sepsis
Risk factors associated with the parenteral nutrition:
(1) higher cumulative dose of amino acids
(2) type of amino acids administered
(3) prolonged use (typically >= 3 weeks)
(4) di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate as plasticizer for tubing
(5) tubing made with polyvinylchloride
