Kyphosis occurs with some frequency in older adults but also may be encountered in children and young adults. It may occur due to a number of factors.
Risk factors for kyphosis:
(1) vertebral fracture
(1a) osteoporotic fractures
(1b) rickets or osteomalacia
(1c) traumatic fracture
(1d) osteogenesis imperfecta (Brittle Bones)
(2) osteomyelitis, especially tuberculosis
(3) myelomeningocele
(4) hereditary disorder
(4a) familial dysautonomia
(4b) Marfan syndrome
(4c) Scheuermann disease
(5) degenerative disk disease
(6) paravertebral muscle weakness
(7) weakness in the intervertebral ligaments, including Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
(8) congenital defects in vertebral development
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Specialty: Surgery, orthopedic
