Lung disease:
(1) asthma
(2) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema
(3) chronic tobacco use
(4) other chronic lung disease
Liver disease:
(1) alcoholic
(2) cirrhosis
(3) chronic liver disease
Other chronic diseases:
(1) chronic cardiovascular disease (including congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathy, etc)
(2) chronic renal failure
(3) diabetes mellitus
(4) nephrotic syndrome
Malignancy
(1) metastatic carcinoma
(2) multiple myeloma
(3) leukemia or lymphoma
Defective immunity:
(1) HIV-positive
(2) corticosteroid therapy
(3) transplant recipient
(4) immunosuppression
Other defects in host defenses:
(1) cochlear implant
(2) CSF leak
(3) asplenia (anatomic or functional) or splenic dysfunction
(4) sickle cell disease
Populations:
(1) age < 24 months or >= 65 years
(2) Alaskan or American Indian 50 to 64 years of age living in an area with increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease
(3) group child care
(4) long-term care facility or nursing home resident
