The resting heart rate may be associated with survival in a patient with advanced heart failure.
Patient selection: advanced heart failure
In the study of Lupon et al:
(1) for a patient < 75 years of age, the lowest all-cause mortality was associated with heart rate of 50 beats per minute (HR 0.5). The hazard ratio rose above 1.0 in a linear fashion when the heart rate was over 60 beats per minute.
(2) for a patient >= 75 years of age, the optimum heart rate was 68 beats per minute. The hazard ratio for all-cause mortality increases both as the heart rate decreases and as it increases from 68 beats per minute.
In the study of Bohm et al (based on the SHIFT trial), a heart rate >= 87 beats per minute had a 2-fold greater risk of cardiovascular death or hospital admission, compared to a person with a heart rate of 70 beats per minute.
According to Ford et al, the SHIFT population showed a 26% increase in mortality for every 10 beats per minute above 70 beats per minute
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