Refractory Cytopenia of Childhood (RCC) is a form of childhood myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).
Peripheral blood findings:
(1) cytopenias
(2) macrocytic erythrocytes
(3) increased fetal hemoglobin
(4) < 2% blasts
Bone marrow features:
(1) hypocellular bone marrow
(2) micromegakaryocytes
(3) dysplastic features in one or more lineages
(4) < 5% blasts
(5) erythroid islands (clusters of > 10 erythroid precursors)
Risk factors for disease progression (Hasegawa et al):
(1) monosomy 7
(2) multilineage dysplasia
Differential diagnosis:
(1) aplastic anemia
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Specialty: Hematology Oncology, Clinical Laboratory, Pedatrics
