Problems with toy balloons:
(1) aspiration into the tracheobronchial tree with asphyxiation
(2) swallowing with bezoar formation or bowel obstruction
(3) swallowing by birds, turtles or other animals when released into the environment
A balloon differs from many aspirated objects in that it can be inhaled deep into the airway and can completely block incoming air. A tracheostomy may fail to relieve airway obstruction if the balloon is down by the carina.
Ways to reduce risk:
(1) Store balloons out of the reach of children.
(2) Balloons should only be used when there are adequate numbers of competent adults available to supervise.
(3) Keep the floor and furniture free of spent balloons and balloon fragments. Remove the balloons as soon as possible.
(4) Do not release balloons into the environment. Water balloons are a problem since they leave fragments outside.
(5) Do not let children place a balloon or balloon fragment in their mouth. Do not let them suck or chew on a balloon.
(6) Balloons should not be blown up by anyone intoxicated.
(7) Instruct older children, teenagers and adults about the hazards associated with balloons. Read the safety instructions on the side of the packages.
(8) Consider the use of aluminized helium balloons.
(9) Ban or markedly restrict the use of balloons in day care centers, schools and hospitals. Do not let children play with balloons in the schoolyard.
