Rass et al reported the RAISE score for predicting prolonged ventilation in a patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The authors are from the Medical University of Innsbruck and University for Health Sciences, Medical Information and Technology in Tirol.
Patient selection: subarachnoid hemorrhage
Outcome: mechanical ventilation > 7 days
Parameters:
(1) acute physiology score (APS) from APACHE II score
(2) age in years
(3) Hunt and Hess, from 0 to 5
(4) subarachnoid hemorrhage early brain edema score (SEBES), from 0 to 4
(5) intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) on admission CT scan
|
Parameter
|
Finding
|
Points
|
|
APS
|
< 4
|
-2
|
|
|
4 or 5
|
-1
|
|
|
6 to 13
|
0
|
|
|
>= 14
|
1
|
|
age in years
|
< 61 years
|
-1
|
|
|
>= 61 years
|
1
|
|
Hunt & Hess
|
0 to 2
|
-2
|
|
|
3
|
0
|
|
|
4 or 5
|
3
|
|
SEBES
|
0
|
-1
|
|
|
1 or 2
|
0
|
|
|
3 or 4
|
2
|
|
ICH on admission CT
|
no
|
0
|
|
|
yes
|
1
|
total score =
= SUM(points for all of the parameters) + 11
Interpretation:
• minimum score: 5
• maximum score: 19
• The higher the score the greater the risk of prolonged ventilation.
|
RAISE Score
|
Risk MV > 7 Days
|
|
5 to 9
|
low
|
|
10 to 11
|
intermediate
|
|
12 to 19
|
high
|
value of X =
= (0.5902 * (score)) - 6.717
probability of prolonged ventilation =
= 1 / (1 + EXP((-1) * X))
