Patient selection: COVID-19 infection
Outcome: progression to respiratory failure within 24 hours of admission
Parameters:
(1) respiratory rate in breaths per minute
(2) oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry in percent
(3) oxygen flow rate in liters per minute
|
Parameters
|
Findings
|
Points
|
|
respiratory rate
|
<= 22 breaths per minute
|
0
|
|
|
23 to 28
|
1
|
|
|
>= 29
|
2
|
|
oxygen saturation
|
> 92%
|
0
|
|
|
89 to 92%
|
2
|
|
|
<= 88%
|
5
|
|
oxygen flow rate
|
<= 2
|
0
|
|
|
3 or 4
|
4
|
|
|
5 or 6
|
5
|
total score =
= SUM(points for all 3 parameters)
Interpretation:
• minimum score: 0
• maximum score: 12
• The higher the score the more severe the infection.
• A score <= 3 is low risk (< 5%) for respiratory failure.
|
Score
|
Respiratory Failure
|
|
0 to 3
|
4%
|
|
4 to 6
|
30%
|
|
7 to 9
|
44%
|
|
10 to 12
|
57% (up to 100%)
|
Additional factors impacting severity:
(1) age
(2) serum AST
(3) serum ALT
(4) serum ferritin
(5) serum procalcitonin
(6) serum chloride
(7) serum C-reactive protein
(8) blood glucose
(9) serum urea nitrogen
(10) white blood cell count
Performance:
• The area under the ROC curve is 0.81.
