Pulmonary venous hypertension (PVH) can develop as a result of left-sided heart disease. Identifying the cause can help determine the most effective management strategy.
Physiologic factors leading to PVH:
(1) significant decrease in left atrial compliance
(2) left ventricular systolic dysfunction (see below)
(3) left ventricular diastolic dysfunction
Conditions associated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction:
(1) mitral regurgitation
(2) mitral stenosis
(3) aortic regurgitation
(4) aortic stenosis
(5) ischemic heart disease
(6) dilated cardiomyopathy (familial or idiopathic)
Conditions associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction:
(1) restrictive cardiomyopathy
(2) constrictive cardiomyopathy
(3) hypertensive cardiomyopathy
(4) hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
(5) idiopathic
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