Cardiac hydatid disease is uncommon and often unsuspected. It may become evident as a result of recurrent pulmonary emboli.
The more common form of pulmonary embolization is hydatid cyst material. If the endocardium is disrupted then mural thrombi could form in the right heart and embolize to the lungs.
Enhanced imaging studies (spiral CT, MR, MR angiography) can be helpful in evaluating cardiac involvement and any embolization of cystic material.
Pulmonary hypertension may occur as a result of chronic and recurrent embolization.
If a cyst ruptures then an anaphylactic reaction may occur. It is important to consider the diagnosis prior to surgery in order to take precautions to avoid cyst rupture.
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