Yamada et al reported a prognostic model for patients with heart failure enrolled in the FLAGSHIP study. This is based on physical frailty. The authors are from Nagoya University and Fujita Health University.
Patient selection: heart failure
Parameters:
(1) handgrip strength in kilograms
(2) sex of the patient
(3) walking speed in meters per second
(4) self-efficacy for walking-7 score (SEW-7)
(5) performance measure for activities of daily living-8 (PMADL-8)
Parameter
Finding
Points
handgrip strength
male and >= 30 kg
0
male and < 30 kg
5
female and >= 17.5 kg
0
female and < 17.5 kg
5
walking speed
< 0.98 m/s
4
>= 0.98 m/s
0
SEW-7
<= 20
3
> 20
0
PMADL-8
< 21
0
>= 21
2
total score =
= SUM(points for all of the parameters)
Interpretation:
• minimum score: 0
• maximum score: 14
Total Score
Category
HR all-cause mortality
0 to 3
I
1
4 to 8
II
1.5
9 to 12
III
2.4
14 (score 13 impossible)
IV
2.7
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