Patient selection: intraventricular hemorrhage identified on imaging studies after blunt head trauma
Outcome: poor (death, vegetative, severe disability)
The extent of IVH may be related to the direction of force applied to the head.
Scoring system for each of the 4 ventricles, with total score ranging from 0 to 16.
|
Blood
|
Points
|
|
none
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0
|
|
trace of blood
|
1
|
|
< 50% of ventricle filled with blood
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2
|
|
50 to 99% of ventricle filled with blood
|
3
|
|
100% of ventricle filled with blood with expansion
|
4
|
Predictors of a poor prognosis:
(1) older age
(2) low admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS < 8)
(3) if only lateral ventricles involved: space-occupying lesions (hematomas, hemorrhage, etc)
(4) hemorrhage in all four ventricles
where:
• A hematoma on CT images is hyperdense, > 2 cm in diameter, and associated with mass effect.
• The ages of subjects ranged from 7 to 83 years with mean 34.9).
