Koufman and Blalock divided patients with the Tension-Fatigue Syndrome (TFS) into 2 categories depending on whether the patient was a professional voice user or not. The authors are from Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
Synonym for the professional type of TFS: Bogart-Bacall Syndrome
Features in common:
(1) vocal abuse
(2) poor control and support of the breath stream
Features
Professional Voice User
Not a Professional Voice User
pitch of the speaking voice
very low, done intentionally
variable
reduction in pitch range
minimal
marked
muscle tension in the neck
subtle
obvious
odynophagia
not common
common
Patients with the Bogart-Bacall Syndrome may improve with education and voice therapy.
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