Perceived benefits of enteral feeding:
(1) simpler
(2) easier
(3) faster
Problems with enteral feeding tubes:
(1) complications during insertion and repositioning
(2) may be associated with diarrhea
(3) may be associated with aspiration pneumonia
(4) may be pulled at by the patient who may not understand why it is there
(5) may require use of restraints to prevent from being pulled at
Benefits of oral feedings:
(1) provides some degree of social interaction for the patient
(2) provides some level of orientation and stimulation
Problems with oral feedings:
(1) can be time consuming
(2) can be frustrating
(3) can be messy
(4) can be associated with aspiration pneumonia
Strategies for improving oral nutrition:
(1) Time meals for when the patient has the greatest cognitive function.
(2) Have the person sit upright while feeding.
(3) Keep portions small (less than one teaspoon).
(4) Place the food well into the mouth.
(5) Remind the patient to swallow several times after each mouthful.
(6) Encourage a small cough when done swallowing.
(7) Limit clear fluid intake to small volumes.
(8) Allow plenty of time.
