Complications:
(1) urinary tract infection
(2) hematuria
(3) short-term mortality (30 or 90 day)
(4) prolonged hospitalization
(5) other morbidities
Preoperative risk factors:
(1) disseminated urinary bladder cancer
(2) history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
(3) unintended weight loss before surgery >= 10%
(4) preoperative acute renal failure
(5) preoperative serum albumin <= 3.5 g/dL
(6) dependent in functional status
(7) preoperative serum creatinine > 2 mg/dL (consistent with acute or chronic renal failure)
(8) preoperative bleeding disorder
(9) emergency surgery
where:
• An additional risk factor was missing data on a history of radiotherapy in the 90 days before surgery. However, neither the presence or absence of recent radiotherapy had an effect, so I am not sure what "missing data" is really measuring.
• The odds ratios for complications with most factors was <= 2. The odds ratio was 4, so will be assigned 2 points in the implementation.
total number of risk factors =
= SUM(preoperative factors present)
Interpretation:
• The risk of a postoperative complication increases as the number of risk factors increase.
