Criteria for multi-drug resistant tuberculosis - both of the following:
(1) resistance to isoniazid
(2) resistance to rifampicin
Criteria for extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis - all of the following:
(1) resistance to isoniazid
(2) resistance to rifampicin
(3) resistance to any fluoroquinolone
(4) resistance to >= 1 injectable drugs (capreomycin, kanamycin, amikacin)
Risk factors for poor treatment outcome with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis:
(1) HIV infection
(2) previous antituberculous therapy
(3) resistance to ofloxacin
(4) positive AFB sputum smear at the start of therapy
(5) poor compliance
Risk factors for poor treatment outcome with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis:
(1) urban residence
(2) positive AFB sputum smear at the start of therapy
Other factors that may contribute include alcohol abuse.
