Engel et al performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on postthrombotic syndrome in pediatric patients. The authors are from multiple children's hospitals from North America and Europe.
Patient selection: < 21 years of age with deep vein thrombosis confirmed on imaging studies
Predictors from the meta-analysis:
(1) central venous catheter-associated deep vein thrombosis (OR 1.8)
(2) complete venous occlusion (OR 1.9)
(3) incomplete thrombus resolution (OR 2.1)
Other factors that may influence risk:
(1) recurrent deep vein thrombosis (OR 2.1)
(2) lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (OR 2.8)
Limitations:
(1) heterogeneity in studies analyzed
(2) limitations in current assessment tools
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