Dystonia may be a complication of stroke. Overflow dystonia and its variants is one type of post-stroke dystonia.
(1) history of stroke, most often involving the putamen
(2) there is impairment of intracortical inhibitory mechanisms within supplementary motor areas
(3) an overactive motor stimulus is no longer constrained by inhibitory mechanisms resulting in aberrant activation of other areas of the motor cortex (overflow).
Example: Focal hand dystonia overflows to muscles of the ipsilateral arm and shoulders
Variants:
(1) mirror dystonia: action in one body site triggers dystonic movements in the same site on the opposite side of the body
(2) oromandibular overflow dystonia: movement of the jaws results in movement of another body site, or movement of that body site triggers jaw movement
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